strengthening concrete with the use of local materials: a case study of rice husk ash

Description

ABSTRACT

The study was carried out to investigate the use agricultural waste as an alternative to Portland cement in cement concrete mixture. Cement is world’s most widely used & marked as most expensive constitute of concrete mixture. The Entire construction industry is in search of a suitable and effective waste product that would considerably minimize the use of cements and ultimately reduce that construction cost. Rice husk ash could be an alternative for ordinary Portland cement in concrete production. It was observed that with the employment of rise husk in concrete mixture final setting time gets reduced with no other effect in overall compressive strength of the mixture.

Keywords— Compressive strength, cement, OPC (Ordinary Portland cement), RHA (Rice Husk Ash).

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• REVIEW OF THE STUDY
• RICE HUSKS
• RICE HUSK COMBUSTION
• PROPERTIES OF RHA
• RICE HUSK ASH IN CONCRETE

CHAPTER THREE

• MATERIAL USED
• METHOD

CHAPTER FOUR

• RESULT AND DISCUSSION

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION

REFERENCE

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

1.1                                           BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In developing countries such as Nigeria, Agriculture waste disposal is a major problem. The use of waste materials in the construction has benefits not only in reducing the amount of waste materials requiring disposal but can also provides construction materials with significant saving over new materials. Rice Husk is produced in millions of tons per year as a waste material in agricultural processes. About 78, 48,401 metric tons (2013) Rice produced in Chhattisgarh only. By burning the rice husks under a controlled temperature and atmosphere a highly reaches rice husk ash is obtained. RHA is a highly pozzolanic material. The non crystalline silica and high specific surface are RHA are responsible for high pozzolanic reactivity. RHA has been used pozzolanic mixes and could be a suitable partial replacement for Portland cement. Many other researchers have confirmed rice husk ash a pozzolanic material that can be used to partially replace OPC in making cement composites.

The use of RHA as a partial replacement to cement will provide an economic use of the by product and consequently produce cheaper blocks for low cost building. Use of RHA with cement improves workability and stability reduces heat evolution, thermal cracking and plastic shrinkage. A good way of utilizing the material is to use it for making high performance concrete which means high workability and long- term durability of the concrete.

The objective of this study was to investigate the use of rice husk ash is producing high strength concrete with the expected compressive strength at the age of 28 days to be higher than 37N/mm². Physical and chemical properties of the cementations material are tested. The effects of Rice Husk Ash as a cement replacement on concert properties such as compressive strength, initial and final setting time, fineness test were investigated.

1.2      PROBLEM STATEMENT

Concrete is a frequently used construction and building material, which is sufficiently strong, impermeable, and durable. Among the ingredients of concrete, cement is an expensive material, and its demand is persistently increasing all over the globe. Hence, to control the cost of construction, it is important to utilize modern waste materials, mineral admixtures, and other materials to accommodate the increasing use of concrete. Agricultural waste, such as rice husk ash (RHA), can be used instead of cement in concrete making, producing efficient concrete with improved concrete properties like impermeability, workability, strength, and corrosion of steel reinforcement. For reasonable improvement of concrete, increasing the use of cement raw materials must be preserved. RHA is an exceptionally responsive pozzolanic material used as an Ordinary Portland Cement substitution. It is a good option to utilize rice husk as in concrete because it will increase concrete workability.

1.3      AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main aim of this work is to carry out an experiment on strengthening concrete with the use of rice husk ash.

The objectives of this study are

1. To determine the concrete compressive strength when it is blended with Rice Husk Ash
2. To reduce the cost of building material

• To take an advantage of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) that is produced in our environment to replace cement

1.4      SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The production of rice is significant worldwide; the husk produced is generally used as a combustible material for the preparation of paddies, delivering energy through direct combustion as well as by gasifying. This study shall serve as a means of enlightening the reader on how Rice Husk Ash can be used to strengthening concrete instead of cement.

1.5      SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this study covers performing an experiment to examine the possible use of Rice Husk Ash in strengthening concrete.

1.6                                                         PROJECT ORGANISATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discusses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.