Production Of Germicide

Description

ABSTRACT

Germicide is an antimicrobial agent that is applied to non-living objects to destroy micro-organisms that are living on the object, example of this substance is popularly called Izal. They are different from other antimicrobial agents like antibiotics which destroys micro-organisms within the body and antiseptics, which destroys micro-organisms on living tissues. The production of work involves the following active ingredients; texapol, phenol, Lysol, pine oil, izal concentrate, white binder, Carbolic acid and Izal Booster were properly mixed for the production of this germicide. However, this project work is targeted on the cheap and easiest means of producing quality product for the control of microbes in our environment, and to help mitigate the problems of unemployment thereby making the young school leavers self –reliant.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page                                                          i

Certification                                                     ii

Dedication                                                        iii

Acknowledgement                                           iv

Abstract                                                             v

Table of content                                               vi

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

1.3     OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1.4     SCOPE OF THE STUDY

1.5     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

1.6     DEFINITION OF TERMS

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• INTRODUCTION
• OVERVIEW OF GERMICIDE
• PROPERTIES GERMICIDE
• TYPES OF GERMICIDE

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

• INTRODUCTION
• HOW GERMICIDE WORK
• PRODUCTION METHOD
• MATERIALS USED
• QUANTITY OF CHEMICALS NEEDED
• PRODUCTION PROCEDURES

CHAPTER FOUR

• RESULT AND DISCUSSION

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                   INTRODUCTION

1.1                          BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Germicide is an antimicrobial agents that are applied to non-living object to destroy microorganisms or germs that are living on the objects (http://www.cdc.gov). and or chemical process that kills all types of life (http://www.cdc.gov).

Germicide is different from other antimicrobial agents such as antibiotics which destroy microorganisms within the body and antiseptics, which destroy microorganisms on living tissue. Germicide is also different from biocides-the latter are intended to destroy all forms of life, not just microorganisms. Germicide work by destroying the cell wall of microbes or interfering with the metabolism. Sanitizers are substances that simultaneously clean and disinfect (Cleaning and disinfecting, 2009).

Germicide is frequently used in bathrooms to kill infectious organisms. Bacterial endospores are more resistant to disinfectants, but some viruses and bacteria also possess some tolerance. In waste water treatment, a disinfection step with chlorine, ultraviolet (UV) radiation or ozonation can be included as tertiary treatment to remove pathogens from waste water, especially if it is to be reused to irrigate golf course  (Cleaning and disinfecting, 2009).

1.2                           STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

Germicide is ideal for the killing of this microorganism. It is therefore very important for every house hold to learn on, this substance can be produced at a cheaper rate in order to be free from the nuisance caused by these microorganisms.

1.3                          AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main aim of this work is to make a cheap and easiest means of producing quality product for the control of microbes in our environment. At the end of this student involved shall be able to achieve the following objective:

1. To learn how to produce germicide in various homes rather than going for commercial ones.
2. To test the efficacy of the product produced in this research work.

• To use this production as an opportunity to acquired skills in the schools, thereby creating jobs for the unemployed and making them self- reliant.

1.4                                 LIMITED OF THE STUDY

Due to financial constraints, this research work is limited to the production of germicide.

1.5                             APPLICATION OF THE STUDY

Izal is a germicide used to kill germs which are found on surfaces like floor tiles, bathroom, kitchen, restaurants etc. Izal make our immediate environment safe. It is used in hospitals, clinics, schools, offices and can also be used at home.

1.6                            SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The result of this research work would be useful in the production of germicide. It will equally serve as a guide to the production of germicide as well as to learners.

1.7                                   DEFINITION OF TERMS

Sterilization:  this describes a process that destroys or eliminates all forms of microbial life and is carried out in health-care facilities by physical or chemical methods. Steam under pressure, dry heat, EtO gas, hydrogen peroxide gas plasma, and liquid chemicals are the principal sterilizing agents used in health-care facilities. Sterilization is intended to convey an absolute meaning; unfortunately, however, some health professionals and the technical and commercial literature refer to “disinfection” as “sterilization” and items as “partially sterile.” When chemicals are used to destroy all forms of microbiologic life, they can be called chemical sterilants. These same germicides used for shorter exposure periods also can be part of the disinfection process (i.e., high-level disinfection).

Cleaning is the removal of visible soil (e.g., organic and inorganic material) from objects and surfaces and normally is accomplished manually or mechanically using water with detergents or enzymatic products.

GERMS are refer to the microscopic bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa that can cause disease.

Microbes are tiny living things that are found all around us and are too small to be seen by the naked eye. They live in water, soil, and in the air. The human body is home to millions of these microbes too, also called microorganisms.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0                                                    LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1                                                        INTRODUCTION

Almost every environment on the planet contains bacteria, and microorganisms (germs). You might be surprised to learn that on one square inch of skin there are more than 600,000 bacteria. Most are harmless to humans. But disease-causing organisms – called pathogens – can be dangerous or even deadly.

Multiple studies in many countries have documented lack of compliance with established guidelines for disinfection and sterilization.  Failure to comply with scientifically-based guidelines has led to numerous outbreaks.  This guideline presents a pragmatic approach to the judicious selection and proper use of disinfection and germicide processes; the approach is based on well-designed studies assessing the efficacy (through laboratory investigations) and effectiveness of germicide and disinfection procedures.