Description
ABSTRACT
With advancement of technology things are becoming simpler and easier for us. Automatic systems are being preferred over manual system. This unit talks about the basic definitions needed to understand the Project better and further defines the technical criteria to be implemented as a part of this project.
Fire is a type of disaster that can occur anytime and anywhere as a result of any accidental or intentional causes. Without exception, houses are also very vulnerable to fire. To anticipate the catastrophic effects of fire that can destroy houses, advanced technology, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) can be utilized to detect the smoke and fire. This study aims to design a home automation with fire sensors for an early warning fire detection system for homemonitoringusingsmokedetectionsensorsbasedonArduinomicrocontroller.
Chapter 1: Introduction
- Background of the study
- Statement of the problem
- Purpose of the study
- Research questions
- Significance of the study
- Definition of terms
- Limitations of the study
Chapter 2: Literature Review
- Review of relevant literature
- Identification of gaps in the literature
- Development of research questions (optional)
Chapter 3: Methodology
- System design
- Data collection methods
- Data analysis methods
- Hardware implementation.
- Software development.
Chapter 4: Results
- System integration and testing.
- Presentation of the project findings
- Discussion of the findings
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations
- Summary of the research findings
- Conclusions drawn from the project work
- Recommendations for future project work
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
Smart Home is a house that uses information technology to monitor the environment, control the electric appliance and communicates with the outer world. Smart Home is a complex technology, at the same time it is developing. A sample house environment monitors and control system that is one branch of the Smart Home is addressed in this paper. The system is based on the embedded system and can act as a security guard of the home. The system can control electrical appliances.
The whole system is a cheaper one, but it provides the full-scale home device monitor and control function with fire sensors and alarm which gives early warning fire detection system for home monitoring using smoke detection sensors. By using the embedded system technique, it is convenient to use and allows simple installation in existing homes, it provide a safe, convenient home to us. The shortage of the system is only can turn on/off the electric appliances and the lack of the wireless function. With the Development of the smart electric appliances, the system must make much progress.
- Background of the study
Initially communication was done by travelling from kilometer to kilometer to deliver messages but now the trend involves talking to people even when they are far away around the globe even to the extent of seeing them using the present day 3G technologies. Now mobile phones can be used to trigger their greatest revolution: by allowing us to run our homes remotely. If you are heading home early on a sunny day to your house driving through traffic in Lagos, your mobile phone can be used to switch on your central air conditioner at the touch of a keypad or even turn on your water heater system on a cold night preparing yourself for a warm shower (Alkar et al., 2015). Fitted to a kitchen wall, the unit will communicate with tiny transponders attached to air conditioners, fridges, washing machines, microwave ovens and household appliances.
This paper presents design and construction of a arduino based electrical appliances controlling system using cell phone Bluetooth. A cell (mobile) phone Bluetooth acts as a modem for the control of electrical home appliances. This is achieved when the mobile phone number is dialed and an appropriate command button is pressed (Alkar et al., 2015). The paper demonstrates how to develop a system that aids the control of remote devices using mobile phones to enable devices without infrared though connected to power sources to be controlled and considering the possibility of users to monitor the status and usage of these devices. It makes use of an Arduino to control the switching of the output. This design is customized as a central device for four pieces of home appliances using relay to activate each of the respective electronic gadgets with early warning fire detection system for home monitoring using smoke detection sensors based on Arduino micro controller.
- Statement of the problem
In the last decade, all home appliances are manually operated, and this sometimes exposes the user to the risk of electric shock, and which also cause time wastage and also involves labor, but today the story has challenge which brought solutions to these problems by controlling home appliances wireless. Here, the project is based on Bluetooth control home automation system, which could help to save energy like electricity and lots of physical strength. It could be secure, flexible, help to prevent power and more accurate outcomes. Most of houses in the cities of the developed countries now using Bluetooth based home automation system to prevent energy and ensure adequate safety. The system incorporate fire sensor and alarm for early warning of fire accident. Thisearlywarningfiredetectionsystemisexpectedtofunctionbynotifyinghomeownerswhendetecting the presence of smoke in their homes. With the aid of this detection system, the issue of potential damage,death, or material loss caused by fire can be significantly reduced.
- Purpose of the study
The purpose of this project is to build a home automation system that will enable users to remotely control their home appliances and systems using a cell phone Bluetooth. The objectives of the work are:
- To build the system prototype
- To enable users to remotely control their home appliances and systems using Arduino.
- To give an early warning of a fire outbreak
- Research questions
This work will bring answers to the following questions such as:
- What is the importance of having a home automation system
- what is the need for early warning fire outbreak
- What is the advantages of controlling appliances remotely over manual operation
1.5 Significance of the study
Home Appliance Control using bluetooth can be used to turn on / off the devices and various appliances in our home. It can prove very useful for disabled people. This project can also be used in shop, offices, industry. Then user has to press various keys to control the devices. In this work:
- Quick response is achieved.
- Construction is easy.
- Easy to maintain and repair.
- Comparatively the operation cost is less.
- Design is efficient and low cost.
- Power consumption is low.
- Controlling electrical devices wirelessly
- Saves electricity (when we forget to switch off and go out).
- We can control appliances from any place round the globe.
- No coding is required.
- Early warning fire detection system function by notifying home owners when detecting the presence of smoke in their homes. With the aid of this detection system, the issue of potential damage,death, or material loss caused by fire can be significantly reduced.
- Definition of terms
- Fire detectors: are sensors that sense one or more of the products or phenomena resulting from fire, such as smoke and heat.
- Remote monitoring: this involves using sensors in machines and systems to provide instant and accurate insights on how your equipment is performing.
- Sensor: is a device that produces an output signal for the purpose of sensing a physical phenomenon.
- Limitations of the study
The following is the list of limitations for the project.
· The device can only work when the user is within the Bluetooth coverage.
· Only devices with electrical controlling input ports will be possible targets for control.
· The receiver must have a power source (220 vac) attached at all times.
· Operation of the controlling unit is only possible through a cell phone with Bluetooth capabilities.
· Bluetooth has a range of 10-15 meters, so this device can switch ON and OFF any electronic appliance within the range.
5.2 Conclusions
An automated home can be a very simple grouping of controls, or it can be heavily automated where any appliance that is plugged into electrical power is remotely controlled. Costs mainly include equipment, components, furniture, and custom installation.
On going costs include electricity to run the control systems, maintenance costs for the control and networking systems, including troubleshooting, and eventual cost of upgrading as standards change. Increased complexity may also increase maintenance costs for networked devices.
Learning to use a complex system effectively may take significant time and training.
Control system security may be difficult and costly to maintain, especially if the control system extends beyond the home, for instance by wireless or by connection to the internet or other networks.
5.3 Recommendations
Future of Automation: Future will be of Automation of all products. Each and every product will be smart devices that we use daily and that will be controlled through a smart chip called micro controllers. Each and Every home appliances will be controlled either by PC or hand held devices like PDA or mobile handsets. Some examples of it are when you want you can switch on/off Fan of your home by mobile handset or PC.
Smart Grid: Home automation technologies are viewed as integral additions to the Smart grid. The ability to control lighting, appliances, HVAC as well as Smart applications (load shedding, demand response, real-time power usage and price reporting) will become vital as Smart Grid initiatives are rolled out.
