Description
ABSTRACT
An overhead power line is an electric power transmission line suspended by towers or poles. The purpose of this work is to outline the various requirements for, and the procedures one have followed in the design of overhead transmission lines. Numerous design studies, which have been made on specific aspects of transmission line design, are included with explanations of their applications. Information is presented concerning such aspects as selection of type of construction, conductor sags and tensions, insulation, lightning protection, clearance patterns, galloping conductors, structure limitation and guying charts, and structure spotting. Structure design examples are limited to wood-pole construction.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 OVERVIEW OF OVERHEAD POWER LINE
2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSMISSION LINES
2.3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
2.4 TYPES OF CONDUCTORS USED IN OVERHEAD POWER LINES.
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 OVERHEAD TRANSMISSION LINES COMPONENTS
3.2 DESCRITION OF OVERHEAD ACCESSORIES
3.3 OVERHEAD TRANSMISSION LINE INSTALLATION PROCEDURE
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 TYPES OF OVERHEAD TRANSMISSION LINE SUPPORTS
4.2 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR OVERHEAD LINE SUPPORT DESIGN
4.3 OVERHEAD LINES SAFETY MEASURES
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The electrical power system comprises of three main subsystems: generation, transmission, and distribution. The transmission system is responsible for connecting the generation side to the consumption or distribution side.
Most of the power transmission systems are operating in Alternating Current (AC) with several high voltage levels that increases with the increase of the line length to reduce the transmission losses.
AC power transmission lines might be designed to be Overhead Transmission Lines (OHTL) or Underground Transmission Cables (UGTC). The majority of AC transmission lines are overhead transmission lines and the main reason is that the cost of underground cable system is considerably more compared to overhead lines. In general, OHTL are generally used for power transmission at long distances in open county and rural areas in addition to that, OHTL are generally with longer lifespan, easier to install and repair and require lower manufacturing & construction costs in comparison to UGTC. The main aim of this work is to study the installation process of overhead transmission line.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), “…has estimated that an average of 12,976 lost-workday injuries to and 86 fatalities of electric power generation, transmission, and distribution employees occur annually. Using these figures, OSHA has also estimated the number of injuries which could be prevented by the new regulations. Taking into account such factors as existing regulation and the differences in training levels among utilities, OSHA estimated that 1,634 lost-workday injuries and 61 deaths could be prevented each year” (OSHA, 2019). This work was carried out to highlight the right procedure on how to work and safely installed overhead lines thereby increasing safety measures.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this work is to outline the various requirements for, and the procedures to be followed in the design of an overhead transmission lines. The objectives are:
- Safely evaluate, manipulate, stabilize, and work around overhead lines
- Minimize electrical and physical/rigging hazards when installing and removing overhead lines.
- Evaluate, inspect, and safely install an overhead lines
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this work covers the engineering tools and concepts that have proven to be successful over many years of transmission line design which have been made on specific aspects of transmission line design, are included with explanations of their applications.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This work is not just a book, but a useful reference and guide for electrical designers. Information is presented concerning such aspects as selection of type of construction, conductor sags and tensions, insulation, lightning protection, clearance patterns, galloping conductors, structure limitation and guying charts, and structure spotting. Structure design examples are limited to wood-pole construction. Interpretations of the National Electrical Safety Code and other codes are made as required.
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