Description
ABSTRACT
Due to increasing robbery and intrusion, establishing home-security system has become a correlated part of the modern houses, buildings, and offices. As the family members are not at home all the time, the traditional home security system, which makes alarm sound only, may not be efficient enough. Alternatively, Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) based security system can provide higher level of security and convenience compared to the traditionally used systems.
The main objective of the current paper is to design and implement cost-efficient and reliable security, safety and home automation system for protection and occupants’ convenience. If any undesired events, such as intrusion, gas leakage and fire occur in the house; our system warns the homeowner in real-time using Short Message Service (SMS). With the proposed system home appliances can also be controlled in three ways, namely sending SMS from the authorized numbers to the system through GSM network, smartphone app using Bluetooth module and infrared (IR) control using IR module.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.3 AIM OF THE PROJECT
1.4 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
1.5 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
1.8 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.9 METHODOLOGY
1.10 PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF PIR SENSORS AND ITS APPLICATION
2.2 THE ROLE OF SENSORS IN YOUR HOME SECURITY
2.3 TYPES OF MOTION SENSORS
2.4 REVIEW OF THE RELATED STUDY
2.5 OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
2.6 REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF TEMPERATURE CONTROLLERS AND THEIR WORKING PRINCIPLE
2.7 DEFINITION OF TEMPERATURE SENSOR
2.8 TYPES OF TEMPERATURE SENSORS
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.1 MATERIALS AND METHOD
3.2 PROPOSED SYSTEM
3.3 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.4 WORKING PRINCIPLE OF THE SYSTEM
3.5 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
3.6 DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR COMPONENTS USED
CHAPTER FOUR
TEST AND RESULT ANAYSIS
4.1 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
4.2 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.3 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.4 INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
4.5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
5.3 REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
Nowadays, security is one of the crucial issues in the world. Home security system has altered significantly over the last decade and it is expected that the change will be continuing in the coming years.
Burglary and other household thefts have been increasing noticeably. Besides, safety from gas leakage, fire and controlling appliances remotely have become the essential requirements for the modern homes, offices and buildings. Therefore, currently used security systems, which mainly rely on video monitoring, need to be enhanced to meet the acceptable level of security [1]. To solve the above-mentioned limitations, a smart home system has been proposed. The proposed system allows the user to obtain both security and safety.
In security section, unauthorized person is detected using Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor and Arduino Uno. Then, the property owner will be informed by short message service (SMS) through global system for mobile communication (GSM) networks. This system aims to prevent accessing unapproved people to the property while the owner of the house is not at home.
In the safety section, gas and smoke sensors are used to ensure the property is safe enough. If any of the above-mentioned sensors is activated, the landowner is notified directly with the help of GSM module by sending SMS to the authorized party.
Additionally, the home appliances can be switched on and off remotely through the system in three ways, namely sending SMS from the registered number to the system, using smartphone app, and infrared (IR) remote control.
Different types of home security systems have been studied in literature. The study conducted in [2] used Zigbee based wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to control smart appliances. The final goal was to produce industrial and home automation system. The proposed system in [3] utilized embedded micro-web server. Interment protocol (IP) connectivity and android based app were the main parameters to control and access the smart devices remotely. Such system integrates temperature sensing, power plugging, and light switching functionalities.
Web camera based security system is presented in [1]. Whenever the camera detects a motion, two functions are performed namely, a sound alarm is triggered and a mail is delivered to the landowner. The system is based on Atmega644p microcontroller which receives the signals from the sensors and makes decision accordingly.
The authors in [4] integrated home automation system based on Zigbee with Wi-Fi networks using traditional home gateway. The system can be accessed remotely through the gateway which allows network interoperability. To show the reliability of the system four difference devices namely, safety sensor, Zigbee remote control, radiator valve, and light switch have been tested.
Bluetooth based home automation system is presented in [5]. The network architecture of the system consists of a main controller and some Bluetooth sub-controllers. There is a wired communication between each home appliance and sub- controllers. After receiving information from the home devices, the sub-controllers send data to the primary controller wirelessly. Due to expense of Bluetooth technology and to limit the required physical wiring, one Bluetooth module is assigned for several appliances. However, long access delay could be the main drawbacks of this architecture which may have negative impact on the system performance.
Our system is different from the previously designed ones in terms of functionalities since it has ability to carry out all security, safety, and home automation tasks. In addition, cost-effective materials are used in the experiment, therefore, the system cost is comparatively low.
This paper is composed of five parts and organized as follows: Section two will explain main method and materials used in the experiment. In section three, the proposed system will be explained in detail.
In section four, the obtained results will be presented and comprehensively discussed. The final section will conclude the main points of the paper and make suggestion for the future works.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The Nigerian environment is considered to be hazards prone brought about by man-made and natural disasters due to its geographic circumstance which is exposed to catastrophic, gas leakage, robbery and fires. Based on the reports; devastations of these natural hazards and disasters including fires have increased in recent years. Our lifestyle of negligence and adapting to emerging technological solutions puts us at the risk of loss to fire, intruder and related occurrences as seen in markets, homes and other public places. The purpose of this project is to put a stop to these problems by alerting the owner of house at the starting point of fire accident, gas leakage, and intruder via SMS.
1.3 AIM OF THE PROJECT
In this project, the main of this work is to design a simple but very efficient GSM based home smart system that has the function of alerting the user via SMS in case of an intruder, change of temperature, gas leakage at home or wrong entry alert.
1.4 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
The main purpose of this work is to ensure full home security and to prevent accessing unapproved people to the property while the owner of the house is not at home.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
This project has four basic modules that perform four different functions.
First module of this project detects if any person is entering inside the house. This feature is helpful at night time or whenever we are out of our home.
Second part of project serves the functionality of detecting when gas is leaking at home, third one controls the speed of a fan according to room temperature using temperature sensor and the fourth one controls the home appliances with infrared [3][4].
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
i. Constant Protection: If you install a monitored alarm system in your home, you and your family have round-the-clock the protection against break-ins. Some systems also have fire alarms built in, which provides additional reassurance. The constant protection of an alarm system is particularly comforting when you may be away from your home for an extended period or you must leave your children home alone for an evening. It also means that your home is protected while you are sleeping so you can have peace of mind about your family’s safety and get a good night’s sleep.
ii. Deterrent to Criminals: Most home intruder alarm systems provide small lawn signs or placards for your window that indicate that your home is protected by a security company. In many cases, the presence of this type of sign alone may persuade burglars and other criminals to pass over your home and move on to a dwelling that is not protected by a security system. Be sure to clearly display the decals and signs from your monitoring company to fully advertise your home’s security.
iii. This system also protects the energy waste in an ac or fan by switching it ON or OFF heat time and cold time.
iv. This system is fully automated. So once this system is installed inside home or industry, then it does not require any human interaction to operate.
With the use of this system we can save the life of person inside home / industry.
v. Also the property inside house and various materials inside the house and industry are saved from to theft.
vi. This system is Cost effective. Also it is Fast and efficient
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
PIR sensor can cause false alarm if the insect or any other related animals walks on the sensor.
Expense: The primary reason while only few people install this device at home is because of the cost of purchasing it and the cost of installing the device. The cost of buying and installing this device is very high [3].
1.8 APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT
1) This project has its main application in security system. This project can be used in home as domestic security system. It will be really useful for the security of flat, bungalow or any row house. It can be used in our house for theft detection at night time.
2) Various parameters monitored in this project like light and dark, theft detection and overheat or cold also applicable for industrial purpose as well.
3) We can use this project in Restaurants as well as hotels, since LPG Gas cylinders
1.9 METHODOLOGY
To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:
i. Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
ii. Draw a block diagram.
iii. Test for continuity of components and devices,
iv. Design and calculation for the device was carried out.
v. Studying of various component used in circuit.
vi. Construction of the circuit was carried out.
vii. Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.
1.10 PROJECT ORGANISATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.
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