Description
ABSTRACT
Aim: This work is on a gas detection system. The main aim of this device is to detect the presence of gases in an area, often as part of a safety system. This type of equipment is used to detect a gas leak.
Method: The device was first built on a breadboard which is later transfer to vero board and soldered.
Result: The device was completely build and coupled, the result during the test shows that the gas detector was able to respond to its operation when gas was brought close to it.
Conclusion and Recommendation: At the end of this project gas detector. This device can sound an alarm to operators in the area where the leak is occurring, giving them the opportunity to leave. This type of device is important because there are many gases that can be harmful to organic life, such as humans or animals. This device identifies potentially hazardous gas leaks by sensor. I recommend that future work on this will incorporate a GSM module for wireless detection and operation.
Cover page
- Certification
iii. Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Abstract:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study
- Problem Statement
- Objective of Study
- Significance of Study
- Scope of Study
- Limitations of Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Review of Related works
2.2 Contribution to Knowledge
2.3 Proposed system’s Theories
2.4 Expected Results from Hardware &Software
CHAPTER THREE
DESIGN METHODOLOGY
3.1 Material Parts List
3.2Hardware Design Methods
3.3 Software Design Methods
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS/ANALYSIS
4.1 Testing of Hardware and software
4.2 Hardware Result/analysis
4.3 Software result/analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY,CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
LPGwasfirstproducedin1910byDr.WalterSnelling as a mixture of Propane and Butane havingsaturatedaswellasunsaturatedhydrocarbons.Because of the flexible nature of LPG, it is used formany needs such as domestic fuel, industrial fuel,automobilefuel,heating, illumination etc. andthedemand for LPG is increased day by day (MartíNez-Hurtado et al., 2010). The leakedgaseswhenignitedmayleadtocausality.Thenumberofcausalityduetotheexplosionofgascylinders has been increasing in recent years. Thus,there is a requirement of a system that can detect andalso prevent leakage of LPG. Early before 1980s and1990s the development of electronics gas detectors,thepresenceofLPGgaswasdetectedwithchemically infused paper that changed its color whenexposed to the gas(MartíNez-Hurtado et al., 2010). Since then, many technologies and devices had been developed to detect, monitor,and alert the leakage.
A gas detector is a device that detects the presence of gases in an area, often as part of a safety system. This type of equipment is used to detect a gas leak or other emissions and can interface with a control system so a process can be automatically shut down. A gas detector can sound an alarm to operators in the area where the leak is occurring, giving them the opportunity to leave. This device is important because there are many gases that can be harmful to organic life, such as humans or animals (Lattuati-Derieux et al., 2014).
Gas detectors can be used to detect combustible, flammable and toxic gases, and oxygen depletion. This type of device is used widely in industry and can be found in locations, such as on oil rigs, to monitor manufacture processes and emerging technologies such as photovoltaic. They may be used in firefighting (Biasioli et al., 2014).
Here weint end to propose a gas detecting system where a gas sensor,MQ-4 is used to detect dangerous gas leaks. This unit is incorporated into an alarm unit, to sound an alarm indication of the LPG leakage. The sensor has good sensitivity combined with a quick response time at low price.
1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVE THE PROJECT
The main aim of this work is to design a security/alarm device that detects the presence of gases in an area, often as part of a safety system using MQ-4 sensor.
The objectives of the work are:
- To build the prototype of the device.
- To detect combustible, flammable and toxic gases, and oxygen depletion Will be able to design a portable gas sensor
- To interface MQ-4 Gas sensor
1.3 Significance of Study
Gas detectors can be used to detect combustible, flammable and toxic gases, and oxygen depletion. This type of device is used widely in industry and can be found in locations, such as on oil rigs, to monitor manufacture processes and emerging technologies such as photovoltaic. They may be used in firefighting. This study will help the student involve in this project and all the reader of the work to understand how to employ gas detector to prevent toxic exposure and fire.
1.4 Scope of Study
The scope of this work covers Gas leak detection which is the process of identifying potentially hazardous gas leaks by MQ-4 sensor. This sensor usually employs an audible alarm to alert people when a dangerous gas has been detected. Gas Sensor (MQ-4) module is useful for gas leakage detection (in home and industry). It is suitable for detecting H2, LPG, CH4, CO, Alcohol. Due to its high sensitivity and fast response time, measurements can be taken as soon as possible. The sensitivity of the sensor can be adjusted by using the potentio meter. All of this sensor is used for a wide range of applications and can be found in industrial plants, refineries, waste-water treatment facilities, vehicles, and homes.
1.5 Problem Statement
Gas leakage leads to various causality resulting into both financial loss as well as human life. In human’s daily life, environment plays a vital role in health issues. The risk of fires, suffocation, explosion all are based on their physical properties such flammability, toxicity etc. The number of deaths figures due to explosion of gas cylinders has been increasing in recent years (Ellis et al., 2014). The main reason for such explosion is due to sub- standard cylinders, worn out regulators, old valves and lack of awareness using gas cylinders add to risks.
- Limitations of Study
- This device requires steady power supply for effect operation. That means that it will become inactive if the mains power supply fails or the battery goes low.
- The Sensor requires quarterly calibration and do not have a long life.
