Description
ABSTRACT
Previously, the packaging system has done by the use of paper, clothing material, etc. These methods are either given way to cellophane packaging system. Different types of packaging system emerged owing to the facts of invention of which the most commonly used is the cellophane packaging and sealing.
This machine is meant for sealing and cutting of nylon bag of different sizes. This machine is operated with electrical system. This machine can seal nylon of different sizes. It also comprises of materials as follows: Mechanical, Electrical and display section. Mechanical section includes the frame structure, lever and the pedal mechanism. Electrical section includes the transformer, Regular and the micro switch. Whilst the display section comprises of decade counter, light dependent resistor and seven segment display.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
RELEASE OF PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
1.3 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
1.4 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF HEAT SEALER
2.2 REVIEW OF HEAT SEALING PROCESS
2.3 TYPES OF HEAT SEALING
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 DESIGN METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM COMPONENTS
3.2 MACHINE OPERATING PRINCIPLE
3.3 HAND/PEDAL OPERATED SEALING MACHINE DESIGN DIAGRAM
3.4 DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULT ANALYSIS
4.1 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
4.2 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.3 TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
4.4 REPLACEMENT PARTS
4.5 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
Previously, the packaging system has done by the use of paper, clothing material, etc. These methods are either given way to cellophane packaging system.
Different types of packaging system emerged owing to the facts of invention of which the most commonly used is the cellophane packaging and sealing.
The portable sealing machine is one of the most important fabrication of engineers of 20th century, the achievements led to sweet relieve for Agriculturist, industrialist, marketers etc. for this purpose, the production of Agricultural and industrials, goods which need appropriate attention for packaging and storage has been on the increase. This work focuses on building a sealing machine with counting system.
The counter circuit counts the number of sealed lylon exiting the machine where you have installed this circuit at the exiting part of the machine. On receiving an interrupt from light-dependent resistor (LDR) sensors, the counter circuit increments the count and shows it on a 7-segment display.
With these units installed at the exiting part, you can calculate the number of polythene bag have been sealed.
1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The main aim of this work is to fabricate a machine for making transverse seals in plastic stock, such as seals being of any desired shape. The objectives are:
- To fabricate a polythene bag sealing machine
- To provide a polyethene bag making machine in which a narrow seal may be formed along the bottom of a polyethene bag with no waste or tare material beyond the seal
- To display the number of bags that is sealed.
1.3 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
It has the following advantages:
Low cost of production, high resistance to acid attacks, inertness, corrosion etc.
Polyethylene is used in packaging goods like ice cream, umbrellas, exercise books, pure water, beverages, weavon, packet shirts, bread, biscuits etc. the following properties polyethylene possessed are the reasons for its varieties of purpose that is to say how cost of production, inertness, resistance to acid, and corrosion water.
The use of polythene cannot be overemphasized. Most of food packaging for hygienic. The technology of cellophane permits raw materials of textile industries to be carried with sealed polyethylene the finished products are either marketed or exported with polyethylene packaging. Most utensils are packaged with polyethylene. Special polyethylene materials have been invented of recent that have shock absorber which gives protection to the breakable material. Since this packaging came up, there had been a safer conveyance of glass and ceramics materials, especially for transportation and exportation of finished goods.
Also, it is in packaging most of electronic gadgets which includes; computers, amplifiers, calculators, radio and T.V sets etc. for safety purposes. It will be needless talking about polyethylene. Without talking about the machines used in sealing generally. Some of the machines used in the industries include cellophane sealing machine used in sealing polyethylene materials, pneumatic, electrical sealing machine handled by electrical heater and needle point action and hand sealing.
1.4 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- This machine can be used in the following places such as:
- Chemical
- Commodity
- Food
- Machinery & Hardware,
- Medical, etc
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
(1). Polythene sealing machine is applicable for plastic bag.
(2). This machine has simple structure, it adopts the pedal control sealing type and could do cutting while sealing.
(3). The machine also can be used matching with the shrinking machine for tableware and other things.
(4). The machine has good sealing effect and it’s easy to operate.
(5). Adjustable sealing time makes this pvc heat sealing machine more efficiency
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
At the end of this work, a pedal (manual) polyethene bag sealer with counter system was fabricated. Pedal (manual) polyethene bag sealer is the simplest and most economical type of sealer. Unless otherwise stated, sealers are of metal construction, the body is formed out of rugged cast aluminum and the pivot is all steel. Power is used only when the sealing bar activates the micro-switch.
Heating wire is made from low conductance material. The heating wire was obtained by unrolling and stretching a compression spring. It would seem that many springs are made from a metal that does not conduct electricity very well. The bag to seal must be maintained on the wire and heated for approximately 5 seconds. The timing of course depends on the plastic thickness, but it’s easy to get used to it.
