Environmental Waste Management And Control In Petrochemical Industry (A Case Study Of Eleme Petrochemical Industry Port Harcourt Rivers State)

Description

 ABSTRACT

The researcher work center on the environmental waste management and control in petrochemical industry, a case study of Eleme Petrochemical Industry Port-Harcourt Rivers State, Rumumasi Port Harcourt Rivers State of Nigeria.     Characterization of solid and liquid industrial waste is presented together with current and projected waste leads, recycling opportunities and export import practices. Institutional capacity and needs pertaining to the enforcement of relevant environmental legislation,   monitoring scheme and public participation were artificially evaluated. Finally, realistic option for industrial waste management were outlined.  To accomplish the task, the researcher went into field work, question terminal inspection were done alongside with the extraction of the organization waste management record. Vital data from primary and secondary sources were obtained. Such data results were subjected to critical statistical analysis using student’s Chi-square method as outstand results were computed having obtained the analysis of variance table (Anova). Subsequently, alternative hypothesis was rejected while the famous Null hypothesis was accepted under hypothetical analysis. The research made remarks and recommend for effective improvement.

 TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page…………………………………………………………………………….i

Certification…………………………………………………………………………………ii

Dedication…………………………………………………………………………………..iii

Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………iv

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………..v

Table of content……………………………………………………………….vii

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction………………………………………………………………….1

1.1 Background Of The Study …………………………………………………2

1.2 Statement Of The study…………………………………………………3-4

1.3 Objective Of The Study …………………………………………………4-5

1.4 Scope Of The Study ………………………………………………………..5

1.5 Siginificance Of The Study ……………………………………………..5-6

1.6 Limitation Of The study…………………………………………………6-7

1.7 Hypotical Setting……………………………………………………………7-8

1.8 Study Area ………………………………………………………………………8

1.9 Definition Of The Term ………………………………………………….8

Chapter Two

• Literature Review…………………………………………………………9-10

2.1  Environmental Waste Generation………………………………10-11 2.2 Type And Form Of Environmental Waste……………….11-14

2.3 Properties Of Environmental Wastes……………………………14-18

2.4 Properties Of Gaseous Waste……………………………………..18-18

2.5 Properties Of Liquid Waste………………………………………..18-19

2.6 Properties Of Solid Waste ………………………………………..19-20

2.7 Sources Of Environmental Wastes……………………………20-22

2.8  Effect Of Environmental……………………………………………..22-24

2.9 waste segregation and collection waste segregation….24-31

2.10 Environmental Waste Disposal System…………………..31-35

2.11 Relevance Of Sanitation………………………………………….35-37

2.12 Waste Recycling And Alternative Uses……………………..37-43

2.13 Environment Waste Control…………………………………….43-47

2.14 Waste Water Treatment Method……………………………47-49

2.15 Environmental Waste And Environmental Sustainability………………………………………………………………….49-52

Chapter Three

3.0 Research Methodology……………………………………………………..53

3.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………….53

3.2 Research Design …………………………………………………………53-54

3.3 Population And Sample Selection…………………………………..54

3.4 Sources Of Data……………………………………………………………….55

3.5 Sources Of Data……………………………………………………………… 56

3.6 Primary Source ………………………………………………………………56

3.7 Secondary Source………………………………………………………56-58

3.8 Personal Interview……………………………………………….58

3.9 Method of data analysis and techniques…………….…58-61

Chapter Four

4.0 Research Result …………………………………………………………….61

4.1 Presentation Of Data…………………………………………………61-64

Chapter Five

5.0 Summary, Conclusion And Recommendation………………….65

5.1 Summary………………………………………………………………………..65

5.2 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………..65-66

5.3 Recommendation………………………………………………………….66-67

Reference …………………………………………………………………………68-69

Appendix i ………………………………………………………………………………70
Appendix ii………………………………………………………………………………71

Section 2…………………………………………………………………………………72

 CHAPTER ONE

1.0                            INTRODUCTION

The 4th International Congress for Waste Management waste-tech (2005). Due to positive trends in the economical growth within the petrochemical industry the volume of industrial and domestic waste production has been recently increasing. More so, the requires constant increase in the efficiency of waste management. The main goal of waste management is prevention of environmental hazardous effects of waste and decrease in the waste production volume maximally and environmental safety of waste processing. Key asset upgrading for implementation of waste less or low-waste for that situation include poor governmental support of innovation process. Small business performing the majority of services in the area stating and operating enterprises on waste processing does not have reliable legal support. Anunigwu (25) stated that the absence of a developed infrastructure on collection, transportation, recycling, and processing of waste especially in the regions with low population density results in pollution of the environmental. (Waste-tech 2003) a number of positive changes in the field of state management for waste processing have taken place, however, their effectiveness was lower comparing to that of the previous period due to reformation of the structure of executive power. Addendum (2003) classification of catalogue was the most important document of his period. The new rates for waste disposal as well as the aspects of waste management and ways to enlarge sorting and recycling of domestic, vastes are presented in the Addendum classification of hazardous wastes et al (20) waste and developed industrial systems for inspection, monitoring and control of waste management as well as methods and systems for monitoring the environmental conditions in the waste disposal location. The number of people professionally trained in the area of waste management is constantly growing.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The National Waste Management Strategy (NWMS) in Nigeria was developed by Eleme Petroleum Petrochemical Industry Port-Harcourt Rivers State in 1997 – 1 999. The NWMS strategy documents can be found at the official under the link protects and programmes in 2000 a number of implementation were developed. The NWMS project is a direct follow up of the NWMS strategies and focuses at implementation of selected National Waste Management strategy components. The selected components are Health care waste Recycling and Waste International System. The project document provides for objectives deliverables time frames, budget and implementing agency. The implementation will primarily take place through pilot project. How to reduce the rate of environmental public health disease in the petrochemical industries.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE STUDY

Increased production in petrochemical industries involves, increase in the volume of environmental waste generated from the industry. Although SPDC implements numerous ways and techniques of waste management but increase waste volume seems to limit the solution of such technique. The statement of the problem becomes the following:

1. How to achieve environmental control in the petrochemical industries.
2. How to reduce the rate of environmental public health disease in the petroleum industries.

How to achieve environmental sustainability in the petrochemical industry.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

Following the high volume of environmental waste generated in the petrochemical industries such industries are pre-disposed to numerous environmental and health misfits. So the objective of the research is made: or put up with the existing challenge in the above industries. Principle without missing words objectives of this research are:

1. To evaluate the proximate volume of environmental waste generated by petrochemical industries.
2. To carefully evaluate the environmental and health impact of such waste to human animal and to the entire environment.
3. To assess the waste management practices in the study area.
4. To introduce more effective principles and techniques of environmental industries. As to achieve perfect environmental control.
5. Approve a concept for industrial and domestic waste management in the petrochemical company taking into account national interests in the areas of economy medicine an environment as well as the interests of the subject of country and local authorities.

1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The study is limited to Eleme Petroleum Development Company Rumumasi, the persons used were professionally trained in the area of waste management both male and female.

1.5 SIGINIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The main purpose of this study is to build the capacity of relevant stakeholders regarding the ecologically safe management of domestic and hospital waste. The target for this programme has been met. They are as follows:

1. To develop a manual on municipal solid waste management in Urualla.
2. To develop a documentary on indigenous methods of solid waste recycling.
3. To develop a manual health care waste management.
4. To calculate a one day workshop on AWM.

1.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

There are some limitations that affect the study during research. These limitations include time, literature review, finance, and information collection transportation.

1. I) Time: Several times has been wasted in terms of materials. The time wasted is due to unavailability of material to enhance the project sometimes the equipment and materials are not available.

2) Literature review: It was very hard for me to gather all the information need in Chapter two due to lack of literature review.

3) Finance: The money for the implementation of the project are often inadequate. These have been cases of unwholesome bureaucracy before the money are released this delaying the project.

4) Information collection: The problem of getting information from the internet leads to various aspect of the computer. Sometimes the in availability of services in the computer system does not allow us to get enough information concerning the study.

5) Transportation: During the time of research, there are some risks taken to ensure the progress of the study. These risk include accident which could lead to death of the individual running for the project. Some time the money for the transport may not be available in many cases.

1.7 HYPOTICAL SETTING

Here the statements of research hypothesis for this study are:

1. Null hypothesis Ho = HO

This implies that there is no significance difference in the environmental waste management and control in the petrochemical company of the integration of industrial department.

2. Alternative hypothesis HA = HA

Safety integration in the petrochemical industry IS very positive m environmental waste management and control.

1.8 STUDY AREA

Environmental waste management and control in Eleme Petrochemical Industry.

1.9 DEFINITION OF THE TERM

1. ENVIRONMENTAL: Involve the natural condition which people, animal and plant live.
2. WASTE: Is something which is not useful and has no current or resting place for all the waste that our civilization generates.
3. MANAGEMENT: This involves the act or skill of dealing with people or situation in a successful way.