Economic analysis of turkey production (a case study of enugu state)

Description

ABSTRACT

Turkey farming is the process of raising turkeys for the purpose of producing meat or eggs for food or money. Turkey, chicken, guinea fowl, duck and quail are all domestic birds that nutritionally and economically contribute to any country. The study examined the economics of turkey production in Enugu State, Nigeria. Proportionate random sampling technique was used to select one hundred and eighty seven (187) turkey producers from four Local Government Areas of Enugu. Primary data were collected using interview schedule. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, farm budgeting technique, financial analysis and Pearson product moment correlation. Results  revealed that majority (57.8%) of turkey producers  had their ages between 31-40 years, were males (78.1%) and most of them were (68.9%) were are civil servants. Similarly, majority of them (70.6%) were married and most of them (67.9%) had a household size of between 1 – 5 persons. The costs and returns structure indicated that, variable cost accounted for 73.2% of the total cost of turkey production per bird in the study area, while fixed cost accounted for the remaining 26.8%. However, the average total cost per bird was N4, 350.43, average total revenue was N6, 866.81 and net income was N2, 516.38 indicating that turkey production in the study area was profitable. Result of the correlation analysis showed that only educational level, household size and years of experience had significant positive relationships with profit in turkey production (P<0.05). In order to increase revenue generation from turkey production by those engaged in the business therefore, there is the need for them to acquire more education, more farming experience and at the same time utilize more family labour in turkey production.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
• AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
• SCOPE OF THE STUDY
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
• LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
• METHODOLOGY
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• OVERVIEW OF TURKEY PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA
• ECONOMIC POTENTIALS OF TURKEY PRODUCTION
• ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF TURKEY PRODUCTION
• MAIN CHALLENGES FACING THE TURKEY PRODUCTION

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

• DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA
• SAMPLING PROCEDURE AND INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION
• ANALYTICAL TOOLS

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0      TEST AND RESULT ANALYSIS

• RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
• COSTS AND RETURNS OF TURKEY PRODUCTION

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

1.1                                           BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) production is an aspect of the poultry industry which is not popular in Nigeria until recently (Hogan, 2008). Turkeys have been found to be of considerable economic and social significance in traditional life of Nigerians, in that they are used as presents during festivals like Christmas as sign of appreciation and expression of goodwill. So far, there is no known discriminatory attitude towards the production and consumption of turkeys (Nwagu, 2002).

Adult males have a naked, heavily carunculated (bumpy) head that is normally bright-red but that turns to white over-laid with bright blue when the bird is excited. Other distinguishing features of the common turkey are: a long red fleshy ornament (called a snood) that grows from  the forehead over the bill; a fleshy wattle growing  from the throat; a tuft of coarse, black, hairy feathers (known as a beard) projecting from the breast; and more or less prominent leg spurs. The male wild turkey (variously called gobbler, Tom or Jake – immature male), may be 50 inches long and weigh up to 22pounds, although the average weight is less. Female turkeys (Hens) generally weigh half as  much and have less warty heads. Domesticated strains of the common turkey, developed for their fine-tasting flesh, may be much heavier (Mercia et al., 2010). Bland (2009) reported that in many European as well as African countries roasted turkey has long been a customary Christmas dish. In the United States, the bird is especially associated with thanksgiving. Turkey production is seasonal, although in United States and some other countries, ready-to-cook, lean, boned turkey is available in rolls any time of the year.

1.2                                     AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

This study was aimed at examining the economic analysis of turkey production in Ezeagu LGA Enugu State of Nigeria with the specific objectives of:

1. Describing the socio-economic characteristics of the turkey farmers,
2. Determining the profitability,

• Estimating production function,

1. Examining resource use efficiency and identifying the constraints to turkey production.

1.3                                                   SCOPE OF THE STUDY

Turkey occupies an important position next to chicken, duck. Guinea fowl and quail in contributing the most evolving sector, which is playing a significant role in augmenting the economic and nutritional status of varied population. They form almost two percent of the total poultry population. They are reared for meat only and its meat is the leanest among other domestic avian species. Turkeys are mostly concentrated in and around cosmopolitan cities of Nigeria in small numbers. This study is on the economic analysis of turkey production.

1.4                                           SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will help to determine the extent farmers produce turkey in Nigeria. This research work will throw more light on how low income small family farms raise turkey for festival and this agricultural activity is very important for these kind of farms in rural areas.  The study will also serve as a guide to whoever that wants to go into turkey production.

1.5                                                        LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

As we all know that no human effort to achieve a set of goals goes without difficulties, certain constraints were encountered in the course of carrying out this project and they are as follows:-

Difficulty in information collection: I found it too difficult in laying hands of useful information regarding this work and this course me to visit different libraries and internet for solution.

Financial Constraint:        Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).

 Time Constraint:  The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work

1.6                                             RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In the course of carrying this study, numerous sources were used which most of them are by visiting libraries, consulting journal and news papers and online research which Google was the major source that was used.

1.7                                     PROJECT ORGANISATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.