Description
ABSTRACT
An electric outdoor clock is a digital clock that is usual place outside the house for the public. Outdoor clocks are different from other types of wall clocks, in that they feature special weather-resistant housings and electronics, enabling them to withstand the elements, from hot, sunny summers through cold, snowy winters. When it comes to electric solar outdoor clock, it involves interfacing solar energy with electric outdoor clock The main parts of this project are solar panel set switch, micro-controller unit and LCD display.
This electric outdoor solar clock is based on a micro-controller is the current outdoor clock. This device displays the time using LCD. This device display time in seconds, minutes and hours.
The user can set the time, date and day using the switch. When the user sets the timings, the settings will be displayed in the LCD display. When the function key is turned on, the controller sends pulse to the LCD display to display the current time.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- DEFINITION OF TERMS
- METHODOLOGY
- PROJECT ORGANIZATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- HISTORY OF DIGITAL CLOCK
- REVIEW OF EXISTING TECHNOLOGY
- THE HISTORITICAL BACKGROUND OF THE DIGITAL CLOCK
- OVERVIEW OF SOLAR ENERGY
- MAXIMIUM ANGLE OF INCLINATION
- SOLAR PANEL
- HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF SOLAR PANEL
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
- INTRODUCTION
- SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
- SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
- CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
- PROGRAM DESCRIPTION
- INSTALLATION PROCESS
CHAPTER FOUR
- .0 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
- CASING AND PACKAGING
- ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
- TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
- INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
- COST ANALYSIS
- DESCRIPTION OF SOME MAJOR COMPONENTS USED
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
Electric outdoor solar powered wall clock is very useful projects for final year students. It has an Inbuilt Real Time Clock which tracks over the Real Time. It displays the time in hh:mms format. The time and date can be changed at any Time using the switch. The Real Time Clock is displayed on LCD display.
Electric outdoor wall clock is seen in major cities of Nigeria for the general public.. It is mostly used by pedestrian and travelers to know the state of their schedules The timing circuit used in this project will be entirely hardware based. It will consist of two timing signals, a 60Hz clock pulse used as the main timing signal (multiples of 60s) and a 1kHz clock pulse used for multiplexing a display for the clock. The 60Hz clock pulse will be divided by sixty multiple times in order to provide a pulse for seconds, minutes and hours. These pulses will be counted, stored in memory registers and then displayed to show the current time. The study is based on interfacing solar energy with electric outdoor wall clock.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The first clock that was invented was analogue clock which has no other features apart from time and it also consumes higher power and stops working as soon as the power battery is removed or when the battery dies. After the analogue digital clock was invented which also suffer the same problem of power supply (battery) – their time is reset or stopped as soon as the system power battery or source is removed. However, Electric outdoor solar powered wall clock came to overcome these problems. Electric outdoor solar powered wall clock uses renewable energy source and rechargeable battery to sustain the clock all day.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The main aim of this study is to build a solar powered electric outdoor wall clock. The objectives of this project are:
- To save energy
- To build an uninterruptible outdoor wall clock that will display the time in seconds, minutes and hours.
- To save cost of buying batteries and reduce the labour involve in replacing the battery.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
Building a solar powered outdoor clock is a way of helping the public to organize their schedules and keep all of their appointments, activities and commitments too- without coming home and consulting the home wall clock.
This study will serve as a means of exposing us to the application , uses and installation of a solar energy.
1.5 ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR POWERED WALL CLOCK
- Because of the uninterruptible power supply feature, this clock displays the right time all the time.
- It is simple and durable.
1.6 APPLICATIONS
Because electric outdoor wall clock is very small and inexpensive devices that enhance the popularity of product designs, they are often found in places like:
• schools
• churches
• roundabouts etc.
1.7 SCOPE OF PROJECT
The scope of this work covers building a digital display and solar powered electric outdoor wall clock. The device was built around set of switch and LCD display. The set time, date and day can be adjusted using the switch, while the LCD display the time.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
This device is powered with 20w solar panel which supplies 12v energy to the battery which sustains the clock whenever there is no sunshine.
1.9 METHODOLOGY
To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:
- Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
- Draw a block diagram.
- Test for continuity of components and devices,
- Design and calculation for the device was carried out.
- Studying of various component used in circuit.
- Construction of the circuit was carried out.
- Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
At the end of this work a digital real time clock was designed and tested and the result was positively achieved, with the result we said that the aim of the work was achieved.
During the design different methods were analysed to determine the best technique for creating an efficient timer until one was chosen and the circuit was designed. This design was then implemented and modified to suit the needs of the project. Problems were analysed and repaired where necessary until it was concluded that the circuit had met the design criteria of the project.
Once the correct operation of the circuit was verified, a PCB implementation was designed in order to make the circuit more concise and more accurate.
The PCB implementation did not perform as planned. Time restrictions meant that only track connectivity issues on the PCB were investigated and while several problems were identified, correcting these issues did not lead to normal operation of the circuit.
The special care taken to ensure minimum confusion, such as the colour coded, neat wiring, and the spacious layout on the largest available breadboard, was definitely an asset when testing the circuit. A few problems occurred, such as incorrect wiring of the registers, due to flawed reading of the datasheet, were easily resolved by moving the offending wire. Colour coding is highly recommended if attempting to replicate this circuit.
The tests revealed that all the chips are working perfectly. Each input bit can be shown correctly on the LEDs when selected, showing that the registers hold their values properly, and the multiplexers allow the correct bits through. Again, the flawless operation in the tests shows the benefit of excellent layout and wiring planning.
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
This project is designed to be used in homes, offices or industries, even at night to know every time of the day. And should be used and maintain by a qualified personnel.
