Description
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENT
- INTRODUCTION
- LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.0 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 METHODOLOGY
5.1 OBTAINMENT OF THE MATERIAL
5.2 TOOLS USED FOR THE PROJECT ARE ENUMERATED
5.3 MOULD’S PREPARATION
5.4 PREPARATION OF SEPARATOR
5.5 MIXING OF THE AGGREGATE
5.6 CASTING
5.7 DETACHING OF THE MOULD
5.8 ABSORPTION OF WATER TEST
5.9 FLEXURAL STRENGTH TEST
CHAPTER SIX
6.0 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
CHAPTER SEVEN
7.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
7.1 CONCLUSION
7.2 RECOMMENDATION
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This project deals with the design and production of ceiling board using Plaster of Paris [POP] gypsum materials. Plaster of Paris [POP] is a white powdery mixture of gypsum. It has been named such because the first deposit of gypsum was found in Paris. This powder when mixed with water solidifies, but without losing its volume. During manufacturing process, the gypsum is heated and as such, it does not necessarily require any high heat treatment like ceramics and clays [Worrall 1999]. Because of its property to harden with just water, it is used in a number of areas, but most notably for molding decorative objects.
According to Cornelis and Hurlbut (1985), plaster results from the calcinations of gypsum (CaS04.2H20), which partially dehydrates to produce a hemi-hydrate (CaS04.1/2H2O). Although plaster of Paris a widely used today: its origin dated 9,000 years old and were found in Amotolia and Syria. It is also know fact those 5000 years ago, the Egyptians burnt gypsum in open-air fire, then crushed it into powder and finally mixed with water to make jointing material for the blocks of monuments, used model of plaster taken directly from the human body.
1.1 LITERATURE REVIEW
Plaster is one of the oldest known synthetic building materials: it was used by the Egyptians at least 4000 years ago in the construction of the pyramids, and the Greeks were producing decorative plaster work by 500 BC. The chemistry of the conversion of gypsum to plaster was also investigated early on by chemists such as Le Chatelier (1850 – 1936) and van’t Hoff (1852 – 1911).
Plaster is made by heating gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) powder, thus converting it to calcium sulphate hemihydrate (CaSO4.½H2O). The hemihydrate is also known as stucco or Plaster of Paris. Probably so named because of the very large deposit of pure gypsum found beneath Paris. When water is added to the stucco, the material rehydrates to give a solid mass of gypsum. This rehydration is accompanied by an increase in temperature and a slight expansion of the plaster, causing the gypsum to perfectly fill a mould.
2.0 RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES
The aim of this project is to design and produce ceiling board using Plaster of Paris (POP) gypsum materials.
The objectives of the study are highlighted below:
- To produce durable light weight building material for ceiling
- To determine the strength of the ceiling board
- To determine its durability.
- To determine the volume and density of the ceiling board.
3.0 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope and limitation of this project is basically the design and production of ceiling board using plaster of Paris [POP] gypsum material. In the project , the density of the sample will be determined and the flexural test will be carried out to determine the strength of the sample made up of composite quantity of POP plaster, water and Fibre [know as villas] when subjected to loading.
4.0 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY
The use of plaster of Paris [POP] gypsum ceiling board for ceiling finishing should be adopted and improved because the problems associated with asbestos, which have been used as ceiling finishes for years but with the use of plaster of paris [POP] gypsum material as ceiling finishes which offers sufficient sound insulation and considerable absorption of heart from the roof and hence provide employment opportunity to the producer.
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