Description
ABSTRACT
This project work deals on the design and construction of an Rf based remote control for an electronic/electrical device say electric lamp with the aim of switching on/off of the lamp at discretion and from a distance. It also eliminates the inconveniences associated with manual switching of lamps. This electronic system is designed in two functional units; the transmitter and the receiver using radio frequency (RF) communication wave band. The transmitter is a hand-held remote control while the receiver consists of a tuned radio frequency receiver, clock generator, delay circuit, flip-flop and a driver circuitry and electromagnetic relay which actuates the load (lamp). When the remote control button is pressed, the lamp comes ON and remains ON until the remote is pressed again – it goes OFF. Many advantages are accredited to this design in terms of robust, durability, cost effectiveness and components availability. The result being the simple design of a system easy to operate and maintain. A miniaturized design of it will be a reliable, robust and rugged consumer electronics that will sell like a German burger.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
1.3 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
1.5 AIM OF THE PROJECT
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
1.7 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.8 PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
1.9 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
1.10 PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- REMOTE CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
- INFRARED, LINE OF SIGHT AND OPERATING ANGLE
2.3 REMOTE CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.2 TRANSMITTER SECTION
3.3 RECEIVER SECTION
3.4 COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 RESULT ANALYSIS
4.2 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
4.3 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.4 INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
4.5 TESTING
4.6 ECONOMIC OF THE PROJECT
4.7 PROJECT EVALUATION
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Electronic communication has gained a holistic approach in the world technological growth. Apparently, no modern electronic system is capable of fascinating the society without an aspect of telecommunication. This trend is so progressive that most remote control systems are designed with RF.
1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
The above-mentioned development motivated me to embark on a project research work on the design and construction of an Rf based remote control electric lamp. This electronic system is designed with a handheld remote control realized using frequency generator and modulator coupled into a tuned class-C amplifier. The amplified signal is radiated into the atmosphere through a tank circuit at a particular frequency. The receiver is realized with a tuned radio frequency (TRF) receiver coupled into a transistor static switch. These solid state switches are used to clock a D-type flip-flop through a delay circuit. The output of the flip-flop biases a driver circuitry realized using a Darlington pair transistors which drives the relay to switch ON/OFF the lamp connected to its normally open contact, whenever the remote is pressed.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY/PROJECT
One of the objectives of this project is to design and implement an Rf based remote control for electric lamp capable of switching ON/OFF of electric lamp from a maximum distance of 200m at convenience.
It is also aimed at exposing the graduating student to electronic system design using random logic. It is also aimed at familiarizing the young engineers with digital system design involving telecommunication systems. Another objective of this project is to ground the young engineers in engineering design which is indispensable in engineering professional practice.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
This project work signifies a lot in telecom, computer and electronic engineering. It is very useful in a number of domestic places like in bedroom and security lamps in the compound. A project of this type if modified can be used as a gate/door opening system, car immobilizer and for industrial process control. Another vital significance of this system is in the control of Air conditioner and refrigerators and other lamps in modern buildings. This system can be used to start and stop a power generating set from a distance.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
This project work covers the following: tuned radio frequency transmitter and receiver, flip-flops, Darlington pair transistors and delay circuits. It also lays great emphasis on passive and active components used to implement the system. It x-rays the mode of calculation of the basic circuit parameters and other areas of application of the system.
1.6 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
This device can be used to control the power supply of appliances such as:
- TV
- DVD
- Radio etc.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
To operate this device becomes a problem when the remote is fault or whenever the battery of the remote runs down
1.8 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of this study were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of the study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
Remote control is very important in household application, it brings about comfort when controlling and operating household appliances. It makes life easy while trying to make switching operation of appliances. In this work, the design and construction of a remote control for household application has been achieved. A transmitter system (the handheld remote), which comprises of encoder, multiplexer, RF module, push buttons, etc. has been developed which when operated, sends a signal to the receiver system. This receiver system receives and processes the signal from the transmitter, then turn ON or turns OFF an appliance. The receiver system which comprises of decoder, de-multiplexer, flip- flops, transistor, relays etc. has also been developed which when receiving signal from the transmitter processes of the signal, switches ON or switches OFF a load. Incorporating a security system, allows transmission of signal only when certain conditions are met, thereby providing security for household appliances and the aim achieved.
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
Though the main objective of this project was achieved, the following can be made to improve on the performance and rating. A digital display may be included so as to show the voltage level coming into a given room. An automatic regulator unit could be included so that it regulates the incoming voltage or switch off an abnormal voltage. A solid-state relay and other digital integrated circuits could be used to increase the rate of switching. Incorporating a unique sound alarm unit, that will come ON once there is an unusual voltage. On a final note, to improve the performance of the device, the output of the device should be regulated to properly handle variations in the power supply line.
