Description
ABSTRACT
Most industrial processes require rotation of the motors in forward and reverse directions for desired periods. One good example is the automated bottle filling plant. Here the bottles move on a conveyor belt. When the bottles come under the filler, the filler comes down (the motor attached with the mechanism rotates forward) and fills the bottle (the motor stops), then it goes up (the motor rotates in reverse direction) and stops until the next bottle arrives. For moving the filler up and down, the time of rotating the motor forward and reverse is calibrated and fixed. Also, the stop time of the motor is calibrated based on the time required to fill the bottle and the time before arrival of the next bottle.
A good domestic application is in washing machines. Once the timer is set to wash clothes, the motor automatically rotates forward and then backward for fixed periods (10 to 15 seconds) with small pauses in between.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
1.2 AIM OF THE PROJECT
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
1.5 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
1.6 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.7 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
1.8 PROBLEM/LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
1.9 PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
2.2 REVIEW OF RELATED TERMS
2.3 OVERVIEW OF AN INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.2 SYSTEM OPERATION
3.3 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.4 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.5 CIRCUIT OPERATION
3.6 IMPORTANCE AND FUNCTION OF THE MAJOR COMPONENTS USED IN THIS CIRCUIT
3.7 POWER SUPPLY UNIT
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULT ANALYSIS
4.0 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.1 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.2 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.3 TESTING
4.4.1 PRE-IMPLEMENTATION TESTING
4.4.2 POST-IMPLEMENTATION TESTING
4.5 RESULT
4.6 COST ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 CONCLUSION
5.1 RECOMMENDATION
5.2 REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
In most of the industrial processes it is required to rotate DC motor forward and reverse for desired time. First motor rotates forward (clockwise) for some time (say 2 – 3 min) then it stops for some time. Again it rotates reverse (anticlockwise) for some time and rests. This process repeats every time when gets triggered.
In automated bottle for example, in filling plant, the bottles are moving on conveyor belt. When it comes under filler, the filler comes down (that means motor attached with mechanism rotates forward) then it fills the bottle (that means motor stops). Again it goes up (motor rotates reverse) and stops. As the next bottle arrives, the same process is triggered again. For moving filler up and down the time of rotating motor forward and reverse is calibrated and fixed. Also the motor stop time is calibrated based on time required to fill the bottle. Another very good domestic application is washing machine. Once timer is set to wash cloths the motor automatically rotates forward and reverse for fixed time (10 – 15 sec) with small pause in between. So I can give thousands of such applications where there is a need to run motor forward – stop – reverse – forward…. and so on.
Now because this is sequential process we can use sequential timer. Sequential timer is widely used circuit in industries because in most of the industries all the processes are of chain reaction type. That means one process ends and it triggers next. The last process triggers first process when it ends. And thus the cycle continues. This work covers building a sequential timer for dc motor control.
1.2 AIM OF THE PROJECT
The aim of this study is to build a sequential timer for dc motor control using 555 timers, dc motor and relay as the major components.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The objectives of this study are:
- To build a sequential timer for dc motor control prototype
- To increase production in our industries
- To less human labour needed in industries
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
This study will serve as a means of promoting automation in our industries. This study will also serve as a means of enlightening students on how to control devices using dc motor and relay.
In this study, application and wiring of 555 timer will be known.
1.5 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
The main purpose of this work is to make a sequential timer is a widely used circuit used in industrial plants for industrial processes
1.6 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
This deviceis used in places like:
- bottle filling plant
- washing machine etc.
1.7 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
Sequence timer is an advance instrument used to control the timings of the control outputs and operate the output Sequentially. It has two or multiple outputs to control different output devices and the time base for both the device is user definable.
- Time setting is very simple.
- High reliability and
- Low initial cost of production
1.8 PROBLEM/LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
It requires an experience personnel for operation and maintenance. Sequence circuits have problem such as complexity, delay, timing issues, and power consumption.
1.9 PROJECT ORGANIZATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
This paper proposes an inexpensive and compact model of sequential timer for dc motor. This device is used in controlling the rotation of the motors in forward and reverse directions for desired periods. One good example is the automated bottle filling plant. The system was built and tested. The complete system was seen responding to its operation which concludes that the objectives of the work was achieved.
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
This control system is recommended for every electronics laboratories, and industries to aid those working or living in those places when it comes to repairing their equipments. This control system has to be perceived by the society and the world at large as a necessary and vital technological upgrade.
While working on this design, at some point in time we were carried away by the fact that our project is working as desired but on further thinking, we thought about the fact that our control system should working independently on its own when it comes to the power supply unit, that the system get its power from the public power supply system which is well known that it is not stable, so on this note , we will advice any further work on this control system to have its power supply independent on its own or better still use rechargeable batteries or solar if possible.
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