Description
Abstract:
“This paper presents Smart Movable Road Divider for controlling the traffic congestion in metropolitan cities and to provide a free path for the ambulance. The work presented in this paper focuses on reducing the latency in traffic and free path for ambulance. The existing Road Dividers consists of equal number of lanes. Usually, in morning and evening peak hours the opposite side of the Road Divider is generally underutilized. To overcome this, Smart Movable Road Divider is implemented where the divider is moved based on the density of the traffic using IR Sensors. If the density of the traffic is high on one side, the divider is moved to the other side. Then the density of traffic is stored in cloud which is possible through IoT. A free path for Ambulance is provided using RF Module by controlling the traffic signal. A Prototype is developed and tested for the Congestion control which also works on safety measures by intimating the drivers about the movement of the Divider.
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In recent years, with an ever-increasing rate of development in metro cities around the world, there has been proportional increase in numbers of automobiles on the roads. Although the number of vehicles using the roads has increased, the static road infrastructure is almost the same and is unable to cope with changes like congestion, unpredictable travel-time delays and road-accidents that are taking a serious shape. Traffic congestion has been one of the major concerns faced by the metropolitan cities today in spite of measures being taken to mitigate and reduce it. It has emerged as one of the main challenges for developers in urban areas for planning of sustainable cities. In developing countries, like India, traffic is inherently chaotic and noisy. Identification of magnitude of traffic congestion is an essential requirement for defining the congestion and finding appropriate measures. The main focus of this paper is aimed at understanding the recurring urban congestion, its measurement, precautionary measure and suggests a remedial measure for the same. The implication of widening existing roads or building new ones will only results in additional traffic that continues to rise until peak congestion returns to the previous level. The total available space within the city for the construction of roads, railways and other transportation is restricted.
The paper discusses implementation of movable traffic dividers as congestion release strategy for metropolitan areas instead of traditional solution of widening the roads. The moveable traffic divider helps in their configuration of road capacity, so as to attain optimum benefit from roadway usage on the existing road. The problem with Static Road Dividers is that the number of lanes on either side of the road is fixed. Since the resources are limited and population as well as number of cars per family is increasing, there is significant increase in number of cars on roads. This calls for better utilization of existing resources like number of lanes available. The main aim of this project is to take the traffic controlling to a new era. The purpose of the project is to decrease the time of journey in the peak hours and to avoid traffic congestions and to provide a better and a smarter solution for the above said traffic problems. We design a movable road divider which moves depending on the flow of traffic. The IoT compiles the real- time data of vehicular traffic that finds out the current traffic operation and traffic flow conditions.
The IoT will be connected with each and every part of traffic such as roads, dividers with the help of infrared sensors. In many situationswe see that there will be huge traffic on one side of divider of a road and there will be no traffic on the other side. In thiskind of situations it is possible to control the divider position automatically which reduces the traffic problems. Also using the movement of divider we can give traffic clearance for the ambulance when required. Measuring reasons of congestion is foremost thing in deciding the solution to it. The designing of the roads is done considering the adverse conditions andthe clear distance amidst the vehicles vary depending on the actual conditions suggesting the difference between theoretical derivation and practical conditions. Regulations & legislations study help us in determining the actual onsite and the government determined flow of traffic. Traffic congestion can be determined with respect to travel time delay, speed change, volume occupied and level of service. Traffic congestion also depends on the pattern of city, weather it iscentric, grid or organic pattern. Depending on different congestion scenarios every country has adopted its own measureslike high density traffic toll way in US, vehicle exclusion zones in UK and flexible working hours in UAE. Many other countries are in progress of adopting different measures for lowering down the effects of congestion. India with its growing economy is also experiencing growth in vehicular population although great variations in vehicle are seen but traffic free road is still in ideas.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
The problem is with the static road is wide, that is, the number of lanes of traffic on either side of the path is increased. Since the resources are limited and as the population grows, the number of cars per family, and there is a significant increase in the number of cars on the road. This means a more efficient use of existing resources, such as the number of available lanes.
At this time, there was a consistent and significant increase in the level of congestion in the road, causing traffic jams, especially during rush hour.
Passengers who have to meet the extreme traffic during peak hours, on a day to day basis, so there will be a delay to arrive at their destination. In the morning, during rush hour, the traffic on one side of the road when compared to the other side of the road, and the situation is the same in the evening.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main aim of this work is to build a smart movable road divider and ambulance clearance path using IOT that can be used to control traffic congestion problem in Third Mainland Bridge. The objectives of this work are:
- To reduce traffic congestion problem by providing an effective solution to it.
- To replace the old system of road divider where the traffic personnel have to mount on the road to monitor, control traffic and divide the road in other to allow traffic to flow.
- To give priority to ambulance or emergency vehicles in the midst of road traffic congestion.
