Description
ABSTRACT
Monitoring of fuel going inside the tank during fuel filling process is a difficult task. With the help ofthis system fuel going inside the tank when the fuel is being filled can be monitored. This type of system can be used tomeasure the amount of petrol, diesel orsome other type of liquid. The purpose of this device is to prevent fraud inpetrol pumps where in some cases the quantity of fuel displayed in the filling machine is not the actual quantity of fuelgoing inside the tank. This situation occurs in few petrol pumps as the filling machine is tampered by the owner or theemployee of the pumps and the customers get cheated. Hence, this device when installed in the tank of a vehiclepreventsthecustomerfromgettingcheated.
KEYWORDS:Fuel, Monitoring,Frauds,Tampered, fuel gauge, fuel level monitoring device.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
- SCOPE OF THE STUDY
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- OVERVIEW OF FUEL GUAGE
- RELATEDWORKS
- EXISTINGFUEL GAUGESYSTEMS
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 MATERIALSANDMETHOD
3.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
3.3 HARDWARESPECIFICATIONS
3.4 SYSTEMIMPLEMENTATIONANDTESTING
3.5 HARDWAREIMPLEMENTATION
3.6 CALIBRATIONDETAILS
3.7 EXPERIMENTALSETUP
3.8 MERITSANDDEMERITS
CHAPTER FOUR
- CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
- CASING AND PACKAGING
- ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
- PACKAGING
- MOUNTING PROCEDURE
- TESTING
- RESULTS
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Today,thougheverythingisgoingdigital,mostofthefuelmetersinvehiclestodayareanalog-based [1] and the few ones which are digitally based, only display the amount of fuel in percentage values orin bars. The most common fuel indicator system makes use of the type known as resistive float. In thistype fuel indicator, measurement of the fuel level in the tank is leveraged on sensors. And it comprisestwo modules: the sensing module which measures the level of fuel in the tank and the gauge whichdisplays to the driver, the measured fuel level with a deflecting needle oscillating between empty (E)andfull(F)[2].Thisfuelmeterisnotthataccurateanditprovidesinsufficientknowledgeontheamountoffuelpresentinthetank.Thiscreatesaproblemofdeterminingtheactualfuelavailablewhenrefillingthefueltankas welldetectinganyformofdiscrepancyin fuelpurchased[3].
The concept of this paper is to produce an advanced fuel measuring system which indicates the exactquantityoffuelavailableinlitres.Withincreaseinthevarietyofsensorusage[4,5],thispaperexploresthe ability of an ultrasonic sensor to determine the actual amount of fuel in car tank and also calculatehow much distance that can be covered with corresponding amount of fuel in the tank. These values,withthehelpof a micro-controller,aredisplayedonthe LCDscreen.
Ultrasonic sensor helps to determine how far (i.e. distance) is the surface of the liquid (i.e. fuel) to thetop of fuel tank when measuring the quantity of fuel in the tank. These sensors principle of operationdependsonechoesfromradioorsoundwaves whichisusuallyanalog[6].Besidesthat,itisalsocalled atransceiver. This means the sensorcan transmitand receivesignals[7]. Ultrasonicsensorsworkat high frequency to calculate distance travelled by the signal send and echo received by the sensor.These sensors are also capable of evaluating the time interval between the sent signal and the receivedechoto calculatetheactual distance toanobstacle (surface ofthe fuelinthis case)[8].
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Presently most of the motor vehicles display the amount of fuel in the fuel tank with the help of some or the other kindof indication showing the E (empty), H (half) and F(full) indicators. The manufacturer provides the specification that E,H and F barmaps corresponding to the litres of fuel approximately. In daily life we might have experienced theproblem of improper measurements of the fuel level in the tank with the existing system. The existing system do not show the exact amount of fuelpresent in the tank. So this problem is taken into consideration in this work for developing the digital fuel indicatorsystemwhichshows exactamountoffuel in a car tank digitally.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main of this work is to build an automatic car fuel gauge level with LCD display using arduino microcontroller. The objectives are:
- To build the system prototype
- To overcome the problem of the existed fuel gauge
- To know that exact quantity of fuel in the car tank
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this work covers building a fuel level monitoring system that can be mounted in the fuel tank of a vehicle. It can be mounted in anytank and the fuel going inside the tank is monitored with the help of an ultrasonic range finder this is triggered from theATMEGA328 microcontroller. The ultrasonic range finder can sense any type of liquid such as water, gasoline, diesel,kerosene, etc. The ultrasonic range finder used in this project can measure distances from 2cm to 400cm with anaccuracyof3mm.Hence,itdisplaysaccuratevolumeoffuel.A20*4LCDdisplayisinterfacedwiththeATMEGA328microcontroller.Therefore,itdisplaysthevolumeoffueldigitally.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
- The study will be of great benefit to every motorist by ensuring that the exact amount of fuel is in the car tank. Digital fuel indicator helps to measure a quantity of fuelremaininginfuel tank.
- It will help the user to have knowledgeofpetrolbunkbetterthantheanalogmeter.
- This device will also help to calculate the how fuel remain in tank aswell as calculate how much kilometer can travel depend vehiclemileage.
To the student involved, this project will help him to understand how ultrasonic sensor is interfaced with arduino microcontroller.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
The measurements are taken so the accuracy level is of 95% – 98%.Thus it is an efficient device made by keeping inmind the petroleum thefts at the variouspetrol pumps at the time of filling of tanks.The existing traditional and themicrocontroller based float type measurement techniques are far from exact and are on the conservative. Amoreefficient and reliablesensing technology is the ultrasonic range sensing system with a microcontroller which hascorrective actioncode inbuilt that is applied to the fuel sensorsignal based on measurements toprovide highlyaccuratemeasurementoftheleveloffuelinthetank.
5.2 Recommendations
Thefollowingrecommendationsaremadeforfurtherworks;
- A GSM SMS technology can be incorporated with the digital fuel gauge in order to detect fueltheftorleakagesfromthetank.TheGSMatthestartofthevehicleandfromtimetotimesendsmessages to the user intimating him/her about the volume of the fuel in the tank. This will helptheusernoticeanyfueltheft;and
- Ahalleffectsensorcouldbeintegratedwiththedigitalfuelgaugesystemtomeasurethespeedof the vehicle and make a more accurate calculation on the distance that can be covered withtheavailablefuelinthetank.
