Description

ABSTRACT

The present study was undertaken to study the effect of different concentrations of growth regulator of IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) (0.0, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/l) and its interaction on multiplication of banana. Half strength MS medium was used for all treatments. Days to root induction varied with different concentration of IAA. The short duration were recorded by 0.5 mg/l IAA – 8.9 days and 1.5 mg/l IBA – 9.4 days and interaction of IAA 0.5 mg/l IAA has given almost a week root induction (7.33) days. The highest numbers of banana were produced by treatment 0.5 mg/l IAA which was 6.2 and 7.8 at 15. In 0.5 mg/l IAA was given 7.0 and 8.0 numbers of banana at 15DAI respectively. In length of roots, it was observed that 0.5 mg/l IAA was produced longest root size, 5.7 and 6.7 cm at 15 DAI respectively. In interaction, 0.5 mg/l IAA was produced 6.33 cm length in respectively.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

1.0      INTRODUCTION

1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

• AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
• SCOPE OF THE STUDY
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• GRAND NAIN BANANA
• BRIEF HISTORY OF SHOOT-TIP CULTURE OF GRAND NAIN
• OVERVIEW OF AUXINS
• IAA BIOSYNTHETIC PATHWAYS

2.4.1  IAA biosynthetic pathways in different organisms

2.4.2  Environmental factors modulating IAA production

2.4.3  IAA in fungal – fungal interactions

2.4.4  Physiological functions of IAA in plants

2.4.5  Effects of fungal-produced IAA on root growth and development

2.4.6  Fungal-produced IAA signaling in plant defense responses

2.4.7  Roles of IAA in fungal pathogenicity to plants

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     MATERIALS AND METHOD

3.1      Area of study

3.2      Materials used

• Experiment procedure

CHAPTER FOUR

• Result and Discussion
• Effect of IAA and interaction on days to rooting
• Effect of IAA and interaction on number of
• Effect of IAA and Interaction on Length of Roots

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                                    INTRODUCTION

1.1                                                           BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Banana is one of the most important fruits in the world, both as a staple food as well as a major export commodity for many tropical and subtropical countries. The extensive basic work on the in vitro propagation of banana (Kodym and Zapata, 2019; Nandwani et al., 2010) had led to the technological development of in vitro mass production of different cultivars. Plant tissue culture techniques can potentially overcome some of the factors limiting traditional approaches to banana improvement.

 

Application of tissue culture technique is a tool to produce large number of disease free plants in limited period of time and space (Khanam, D et al., 2016). In vitro propagation of different cultivar required different culture media for shoot proliferation and root differentiation (Dore, S.R et al., 2013). However, there is still lack of information on in vitro rooting of banana. Now a day, the plant growth regulators are widely used in modern agriculture to promote rooting. Application of tissue culture technique is a tool to produce large number of disease free plants in limited period of time and space Khanam et al., (2016).

 

Now a day, the plant growth regulators are widely used in modern agriculture to promote rooting. Widiastoety and Soebijanto, (2018) reported that good rooting and the best survival were obtained with IBA treatment in Hibiscus rosa sinensis. Kundu et al., (2017) reported that indol 3-butyric acid (IBA) had a highly significant effect on the percentage success of rooting, number of root and length of root production Ixora coccinia. Viehman et al., (2017) compared the influence of growth regulators on the root induction of the Musa genus plants cultivated within in vitro conditions. They used planting material ‘Cavendish’ cultivar. Different concentrations of growth regulators (naphthalene acetic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, 6-benzylaminopurine, 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) used and as control ones MS and half concentrated MS media without addition of growth regulators. The induced roots were evaluated in conditions in vitro and ex vitro. The amount and length of the roots were evaluated, as well as the capacity of absorption of the roots by conductivity was determined. The experiments have proven that the most roots are created by using naphthalene acetic acid (5.4 Μm), but the longest roots provide the control variant (MS medium). After 7 weeks of the transfer to ex vitro conditions the plants that were growing on medium with addition indole-3-acetic acid have the best vitality and root absorption.

The investigation was undertaken to standardize BAP with IAA and IBA concentration for in vitro rooting. Al-amin et al., (2019) observed the effect of different concentration of IBA and IAA supplemented half strength MS-medium of banana cv. BARI Banana-I and the study reveals that the root numbers varied with different concentration of IBA and IAA, Highest number of roots produced by 0.5 mg/l IAA.

Bhosale et al., (2013) studied the effect of different concentration of growth regulators on rooting in different species of banana and standardized BAP with IAA and IBA concentration for in vitro rooting. He inoculated shoots developed on MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium with supplement combination of growth regulator with IAA and IBA and observed best rooting in BAP 1 mg/l + IBA 3 mg/l. In vitro multiplication of banana is normally carried in the presence of high cytokinins levels, which inhibit root formation and elongation. Addition of 200 mg/l charcoal enhanced rooting and stopped callus formation. It was also obvious from the result that incorporation of activated charcoal reduced the time taken for root initiation and further increased the root and shoot length (Shahnawaz et al., 2014).

1.2                                           AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main aim of this work is to study the effects auxin (IAA) on invivo multiplication of banana (grand nain). The objectives are:

1. To determine the shoot multiplication of banana when exposed to auxin (IAA)
2. To study the use of in vivo in banana multiplication.

• to evaluate the effect of auxin concentration on in vivo proliferation

1.3                                                   SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will serve as means of having a technological knowledge about development and use of in vitro in mass production of different cultivars.

The study will also provide a means of knowing the effect of auxin (IAA) concentration on banana.

1.4                                                           SCOPE OF THE STUDY

There are different regulators which can be used in in vivo multiplication of banana, but in this work auxin (IAA) was used which different concentration of auxin IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) (0.0, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/l) and was recorded that root induction varied with different concentration of IAA.