Description
ABSTRACT
The study examined the psychosocial problems of adolescents in Ilorin metropolis.
Two hundred randomly selected samples responded to the psychosocial problems of adolescent questionnaire. Data collected were analysed with frequency counts percentage and t-test.
The results indicated that adolescents suffered from problems arising from fear of oppression negligence, discriminated education and hopelessness. It was also revealed there that there were no significant differences in the psycho-social problems on the basis of sex, religion and parents education. But significant differences was of solved on the basis of age group.
Based on the findings in the study, it was recommended that all stakeholders on education should core together to issues in alleviating the problems of the adolescents, that guidance and counselling should made functional in all schools to provide services for students.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENTS PAGE
TITLE PAGE i
CERTIFICATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv
ABSTRACT vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
LIST OF TABLES x
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study 1
Statement of the Problem 4
Purpose of the Study 6
General Questions 7
Research Questions 7
Research Hypotheses 8
Significance of the Study 9
Delimitation and Scope of the Study 11
Definition of Terms (Operational Definitions) 12
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
Concept and Onset of Adolescents 14
Adolescence as a period of storm, stress and
change 19
Factors Responsible for poor Study Habits by
Adolescents 24
How to Cultivate Good Study Habits by Adolescents 27
Problems of Adolescent 31
Summary of the Related Literature Reviewed 33
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHOD
Research Design 35
Population of the Study 36
Sample and Sampling Techniques 36
Instrumentation 37
Validity of the Instrument 38
Reliability of the Instrument 38
Administration of the Instrument 39
Data Analysis 39
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Results 40
Discussion of Findings 46
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary 51
Conclusion 52
Implication of the Study 53
Recommendations 53
Limitations of the Study 56
Suggestions for Further Study 56
REFERENCES 57
APPENDIX 59
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Distribution of Respondents by Gender 40
Table 2: Distribution of respondents by Age 41
Table 3: Distribution of respondents by parents’
Education 42
Table 5: t-test analysis of male and female
adolescents 43
Table 6: t-test analysis of young and old
adolescents 44
Table 7: t-test analysis of adolescents by parents
education 45
Table 8: t-test analysis of adolescents based on
Religion 46
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
Human being progress through a series of developmental stage and each stage has its character tics developmental tasks. Bukoye (2005) suggested that there are some tasks the adolescents must solve during this stage of development, such as a more masculine or feminine role, acceptance of his physique, and acquisition of emotional and financial independence from the significance others and advancing a social responsible a socially responsible behaviour.
Any period of chance is likely to be a period fraught with problem, therefore, the attainment of maturity and development as well as change and aspirations during adolescent may be accompany by many potential difficulties. The degree of difficulty and individual experience may be function of cultural and societal expectations. The period of adolescence has generated a lot of controversy as regards the problems adolescents encounter. Some findings conclude that the period is stormy and stressful Hake (2002) add that is it is complicated by the nature of the developmental task of this period. Such adolescent tasks include:-
– Learning to accept one’s physique
– Forming new relations with age mates of both sexes
– Selecting and preparing for an occupation
– Developing intellectual skills and concepts necessary for civic competence
– Devising and accruing socially responsible behaviours
– Learning to play appropriate sex roles
Other findings maintain that storm and stress are not inevitable direct product of adolescent but instead appear to originated in cultural and societal expectations. Peck (2005).
Adeniyi (2005) emphasized that there are some biological, emotion and cultural dilemmas the adolescent may face. For example, he may experience some conflict due to his increase sex drive and his inability to graffiti them because of social inhibitions and pressures. Through he is no longer a child; he is still treated as one. He desires to free himself from control of his parent but cannot afford to give them up. Moreover, there are many grown-up duties and responsibilities that he is expected fulfill although he does not enjoy adult rights.
The observation of Nigerian adolescents through books and less scientific and authoritative sources such as the news papers, magazine, radio, television, internet, letter, text message, hearsay, peaceful and violent demonstrations, sneaking out of school, unwholesome writing on the classrooms and toilets walls, to name a few shows that adolescents are not achieving their developmental tasks without difficulty. It is probable that many youths healthy personal growth is by omission or commission hampered. The pursuit of their personal growth by themselves, or by other people on their behalf should be a legitimate goal in the society.
Statement of the problem
The child at adolescent endeavors to master skills those are essential for adulthood. During this psychological moratorium, he encounters problems largely as a result of cultural and societal expectations.
The culture and society determines who the adolescent interacts with, what age he is expected to do certain thing; perhaps what tasks are expected of different sexes. The norms, values and belief of the society also influence adolescents in the ways and manner they resolve those issues. These and other invitation could constitute problems for them.
In the light of the above, the problems have been broken down to answer the following questions:
- With whom the adolescents in urban and rural areas find it difficult to interact with?
- Are the western education on cultural practice of adolescents in rural areas different from those in the urban areas?
- Have sex and age differences had any impact on the seriousness of these problems?
- What avenues to they adopted to resolve their issues?
Against the background, there fore the main problem of this study is to examine the personal–social problems adolescents in Ilorin Metropolis Post-Primary Schools in Kwara State.
Purpose of the Study
The purpose of the study is to investigate the psycho-social problems of the adolescents in Ilorin metropolis. It also seeks to find out if:
- There is any difference in the psycho-social problems of male and female adolescents in Ilorin metropolis.
- There is any difference in the psycho-social problems of young and old adolescent.
- There is any difference in the psycho-social problem of Christian and Muslim adolescents.
- There is any difference in the psycho-social problem adolescent.
General Questions
What are the influences of western education on cultural practice of Adolescents in Ilorin Metropolis?
Research Questions
The following research questions were answered in the study.
- Is there any difference in the psycho-social problem of male and female adolescents?
- Is there any difference in the psycho-social problem of young and old adolescents?
- Is there any difference in the psycho-social problem of adolescents for literate illiterate house?
- Is thereby any difference in the psycho-social problem of Christian and Muslim adolescents?
Research Hypotheses
The following hypotheses were tested in the study.
- There is no significant difference in the psycho-social problem of male and female adolescents in Ilorin metropolis.
- There is no significant difference in the psycho-social problem of young and old adolescents.
- There is no significant difference in the psycho-social problem of adolescents from literate and illiterate house.
- There is any significant different in the psycho-social problem of Christian and Muslim adolescents.
Significance of the Study
The significance of the study is to show the interrelationship of education and western education on cultural practice of adolescents and how the problems could be alleviated in the schools, to achieve an overall development of the child.
If schools are to provide the adequate quality and quantity of psychological education, it is paramount to know the areas of personal growth that need to be developed within the school curriculum.
It can only be achieved when nature of the adolescents’ problem is known.
To elaborate further, among the educational objective as shown in the Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Policy of Education (2004) is the acquisition of appropriate skills, abilities and competences both mental and physical, as equipment for the individual to live in and contribute to his society. To achieve the commendable objectives, it is imperative to understand the problems of learners and derive the appropriate means of solving them.
The findings would help to understand the adolescents rather tan imposing some arbitrary standards of authority which might be detrimental to wholesome character development. An adolescent who is understood, rather than suppressed has nothing to fight and so may not rebel.
The finding of this study would assist the researcher in knowing that the problems of adolescent differ in sex, milieu and age. It will make us to identify those problems have significant impacts on their life. It will also indicate whether the different modes of counseling are required for urban and rural adolescents or whether different guidance service have to be emphasized for adolescents of different age or sexes.
Furthermore, the teachers would benefit from the findings and recommendation of this study because they would be able to understand problems of their students which have significant influence on their students’ bad habits.
The findings of this piece of work will be useful to teachers, school administrator, curriculum planners, parents and other significant adults who are involved in helping adolescents to achieve adult identify.
Delimitation and Scope of the Study
The study investigated the psycho-social problems of adolescents in Ilorin metropolis. It involves all the randomly selected adolescent in secondary schools and only those that responded to the psycho-social problems of the adolescents questionnaire. Those adolescents that were not in secondary school or outside Ilorin metropolis were not part of the study.
Operational Definition of Terms
Personal-Social Problems: These are the physical and psychological problems that inhibit a good interpersonal relationship.
Puberty: The point in life at which sexual maturity begins.
Pubescence: About two years immediately before puberty.
Adolescents: People between eleven and twenty years of age.
Early Adolescents: Period from the beginning of pubescence until about a year or two years after puberty (11years – 14years).
Late Adolescents: The period up to adulthood.
WASSCE: West African Senior School Certificate Examination; the external examination that secondary schools students take at the end of their sixth year (SS 3). The examination body is the West African Examination Council.
Teachers College: This is a school for the training of secondary school graduates, who wish to take teaching as a career after graduating they go back to primary schools to teach.
Guidance Programme or Service: Organized activities within the school programme which are intended to assist students with their individual developmental tasks.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
In this chapter, a review of related literature which provides a theoretical and conceptual framework for this study is undertaken. In an attempt to examine the personal – social problems of adolescent, the following areas are examined:
– Concept and Onset Adolescents
– Adolescent as a period of storm, stress and change
– Adolescents and Academic performance
– How to Cultivate Good Study Habits by Adolescents
– Problem of Adolescent
– Summary of the Related Reviewed of Literature
Concept and Onset of Adolescents
The term “adolescent” is a sociological construct, like other development phases in human growth and development but unlike others; it breads a lot of ambiguity. However, some experts view the term as a construct applied by adult members of the society to describe a person who is in the transition process to acquire the biological features peculiar to the adult population group. The term is dividing from the Latin word meaning “to grow up” or “to grow to maturity” It is the period of life between childhood and adulthood and roughly corresponds to the teenage years (thirteen to eighteen years)
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