Description
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
- STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
- OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
- SCOPE OF THE STUDY
- LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
- PROJECT REPORT ORGANISATION
- DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF VOTERS REGISTRATION IN SOME COUNTRIES
2.2 ELECTRONIC VOTERS REGISTRATION SYSTEM AND METHOD
2.3 PAPER-BASED ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEM
2.4 DIRECT-RECORDING ELECTRONIC (DRE) VOTING SYSTEM
2.5 ELECTRONIC BALLOTS
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY
- DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
- FACT FINDING METHOD / METHODOLOGY
- INTERVIEW METHOD
3.2.2 REFERENCE TO WRITTEN TEXT
- PRESENT PROCEDURES
- INFORMATION FLOW DIAGRAM
- INPUT, PROCESS AND OUTPUT ANALYSIS
- INPUT ANALYSIS
- PROCESS ANALYSIS
- OUTPUT ANALYSIS
- PROBLEMS OF THE CURRENT SYSTEM
- JUSTIFICATION FOR THE NEW SYSTEM
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 SYSTEM DESIGN, TESTING AND IMPLEMENTATION
- SPECIFICATIONS OF THE NEW SYSTEM
- INPUT SPECIFICATION
- OUTPUT SPECIFICATION
- DATABASE SPECIFICATION
- MAIN MENU DESIGN
- SUBSYSTEM DESIGN
- LOGIN SUBSYSTEM
- REGISTRATION SUBSYSTEM DESIGN
- REPORT SUBSYSTEM DESIGN
- SYSTEM FLOWCHART
- TOP-DOWN SYSTEM
- PROGRAM MODULES SPECIFICATION
4.10 CHOICE OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
4.11 PROGRAM FLOWCHART
CHAPTER FIVE
- RECOMMENDATION, SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
- RECOMMENDATION
- SUMMARY
- CONCLUSIONS
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study
The federal republic of Nigeria comprises of 36 states, The federal capital territory (FCT), and 774 local government areas (LGAs). The country is located in west Africa and shares land borders with the republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east and Niger in the north. The three largest ethnic groups in Nigeria are the Ibo, Hausa and Yoruba ethnic groups.
In Nigeria, General elections are conducted every four years, where a head of state the president and the national assembly representatives are elected. They are elected by the people. The national assembly has about 360 members representing various constituencies.
Most African electoral bodies with no exception to INEC, even with the advancements of technology, still use primitive paper based methods during voting; this system is characterized by manual form filling to chose leaders and transfer of information from manual data capture forms to computerized datasheets, this has led to a high number of mistakes making their way into the final votes count. The main advantage of the paper based system is the ballot papers are easily human auditable. The disadvantages outweigh the advantages for instance printing of ballot papers is slow, expensive, inflexible, environmentally hostile and also literacy limitations and last minute changes to
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the voter register are difficult to accommodate among others. Over the last few years some election observers have suggested the introduction of electronic voting at state and federal level. The online voting system mainly addresses the voting phase. Electronic voting process using the online voting system should be cheaper than the present paper based system been used by the independent national electoral commission (INEC). Online voting is an electronic way of choosing leaders via a web driven application. The advantage of online voting over the present manual system is that the voters have the choice of voting at their own free time and reduced congestion. It also minimizes on errors of vote counting. The individual votes are submitted in a database which can be queried to find out who the aspirants for a given post has the highest number of votes.
With the online voting system , a voter can use his/her voting right online without any difficulty. He/she has to register as a voter first before being authorized to vote. The registration should be done prior to the voting date to enable data update on the database.
- Statement of the Problem
The election process begins from voters registration. The method adopted during voters registration goes a long way to determine the freeness and fairness of the election. In Nigeria, voting/registration process is very cumbersome. So many cases, missing data in the voter registration file have been reported. There
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are also situations where unregistered voters flock to the polling station to participate in the voting process. Even after voting, malicious clerks and officers- in – charge of a polling station end up playing with the result figures.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The aim of this project is to develop a database for voter’s registration which will in turn help government to conduct a free and fair election using electronic machines.
To replace the current inefficient manual system of voting in Nigeria.
To ensure credibility in elections by preventing double voting,
Help the government reduce the huge costs incurred in conducting elections.
- Scope of the Study
The research work is designed to enable National Electoral Commission to use electronic device to capture voter’s information. The design will cover some security issues like authenticating the nationality of the voters through integrating the national ID database to the voter’s registration process and also capturing the picture of the electorates for validation during election.
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- Limitations
During the design of this project work, much finance was required and owing to the financial meltdown globally, the research was limited by finance and hence concentrated on the available materials within the locality.
- Significance of the Study
In view of the rapid development of computer technology in virtually all fields of operation and its use in relation to information management, it has become important to look into the development of electronic voters registration system to enable government to achieve the following:
- Conduct free and fair election
- Safeguard data and information in the system.
- Reduced workload in the process of conducting election
- Keep accurate record of votes
- Reduce time wasted in announcing election result
- Eliminate disenfranchising electorates.
- Project Report Organisation
This project was covered under five stages:
CHAPTER 1; Deals with the introduction. The background of the project is discussed. The objectives of the project, its significance, scope, and constraints are pointed out.
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CHAPTER 2; This chapter is a Review of Voters Registration in Some Countries and the literature review.
CHAPTER 3; Discusses system Investigation and Analysis. It deals with detailed investigation and analysis of the existing system and problem identification.
CHAPTER 4; Treats the system design and implementation
CHAPTER 5; The summary and conclusion of the project are finally treated in this chapter.
- Definition of Terms
voting system: is a method by which voters make a choice between options, often in an election or on a policy referendum
e-voting: also known as electronic voting is a term encompassing several different types of voting, embracing both electronic means of casting a vote and electronic means of counting votes.
Information System: It is a collection of procedures, people, instructions and equipment to produce information in a useful form
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Technology: It is study of techniques or process of mobilizing resources (such as information) for accomplishing objectives that benefit man and his environment
Computer Network: is a system that connects two or more computers together using a communication link.
Databases: A systematically arranged collection of computer data, structured so that it can be automatically retrieved or manipulated. It is also called databank.
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Chapter Two
Literature Review
- Review of Voters Registration in Some Countries
Systems of voter registration vary widely from country to country, and sometimes from locality to locality. In some, voters are automatically added to the rolls when they reach legal voting age. In others, potential voters are required to apply to be added to the rolls.
In Australia, the Australian Electoral Commission administers Australia’s federal electoral roll. Each state also has its own electoral commission or office, but voters need only register with the AEC, which passes the registration details to relevant state commissions.
Voter Registration is mandatory for all citizens 18 years of age or above. An individual has 8 weeks after turning 18 to register, but may register at any time with no penalty being enforced for failure to register. Similarly, if a change of address causes an individual to move to another electorate (Electoral Division) they are legally obliged to notify the Electoral Commission within 8 weeks. In Australia, details of house and apartment sales are in the public domain. The Electoral Commission monitors these and sends a reminder (and the forms) to new residents in case they have moved to another electorate, making compliance with the law much easier
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