Description
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE I
CERTIFICATION II
DEDICATION III
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IV
ABSTRACT VI
TABLE OF CONTENTS VIII
LIST OF TABLES X
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
General Questions
Research Questions
Research Hypotheses
Significance of the Study
Delimitation of the Study
Operational Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Concept of academic performance.
Causes of poor academic performance among secondary school students on social studies
Socio-Economic Status (SES) and academic performance of students
Types of family and students academic performance
Family size and position inn the family.
Summary of related literature reviewed
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY
- Introduction
- Research Design
- Sample Population
- Sample and Sampling Technique
3.5 Method of Data Collection
3.6 Validity of the Instrument
- Reliability of the Instrument
- Procedure for Data Collection
- Method of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND
ANALYSIS
4.1 Introduction
- Discussion on Findings
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATION
- Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
5.4 Implication for the Study
Suggestion for further Study
References
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study
Social studies as discipline is gradually gaining ground in Nigerian institution of higher of higher learning. It is a core subjects which now made compulsory at the primary and junior secondary schools levels.
It is on record that having realizing to enhance functional and productive teachers in the subject areas who could improve the status of Nigerian secondary school students in the subject.
There have been several studies done with in and out side Nigerian on the effects of home environments as well as the socio economic status of parents on the academic achievements of students (Ajila and Olutola, 2007; Uwaifo, 2012). Research has found does in school and the amount of confidence the students have for themselves. However, in Nigerian, like other growing economic nation, families are finding it more difficult to stay in contact with their children’s major cities such as Lagos where both parents work outside the state. Carmen (2007) noted that the extended family has become significantly less extended as mobility has increased parents are becoming isolated from their children and finding it difficult to keep a careful watch on what needs to be done to help them succeed in school. Many families are not even led a parent, but by a grandparent, guardian, or some other adult. Education is the best legacy a nation can give to her citizens especially the youth. This is because the development of any nation or community depends youth. This is because the development of any nation or community depends largely on the quality of education of such a nation. It is generally believed that the basis for any the developments must commence with the development of human resource. Much their said formal education remains the vehicle for social economic development and social mobilization in any interested prolong military rule and aborted civilian administrations, which necessitude the promulgation of degrees edicts and levels. The inconsistence continuation of government, due to coup defeated emphasized the continuity in the implementation of educational laws and policies since 1970s till the presents time fallen standard in education of the primary and secondary school levels (Shitu, 2004).
Frequently changes of ministers and commissioners of education by successive government coupled with the politicization of education by political parties that emerged in the country’s political leaders in 1979 have also brought about disparity in educational practices, which caused differential academic performances and classroom functioning of both teacher and students from state to state.
With the changes in family life and indeed in societal make up, schools are now finding it increasingly difficult to keep parents informed of and actively engaged in the day to day progress of their children (Deslandes and Bertrand, 2007). Teachers and administrators are discovering that the support they once received in getting students to do their home work is not there, because the parents are not home to assist the students to complete their assignments.
Statement of the Problem
The national policy on education (2004) laid much emphasis on qualitative education for the development of a strong nation. For this policy to succeed there are a lot of factors to be considered one of such factor includes family background: Research work on the influence of family background on academic performance of pupils had been conducted mainly in developed countries. While, (2001). There is the need to investigate the relationship between family background and academic performance of pupils in the illori Local Government Area of Kwara State to find out how they correlate with other research finding.
Observations and report from examinations bodies like WAEC, NECO, and JAMB revealed that a high percentage of secondary school students continue to performance poorly in examination. This poor performance is likely to be caused by some factors such as lack of parental care, poverty and lack of interest in education hence. This study was conducted to investigate the extent to which these variables determine the social studies achievement of secondary school students in illori Local Government Area of Kwara state.
Purpose of the Study
This research work is aimed at the following;
- to find the influence of socio economic status of students on their academic performance.
- to determine the extent to which parental occupation influence the academic performance of students in social studies.
- to determine the influence of parents’ educational background on students academic performance in social studies.
General Questions
- What are the influence of parental background on the students academic performance.
- What are the influence of parental educational status on students level of understanding in secondary schools.
Research Questions
In order to achieve the desired objectives the following research questions were raised to guide the study.
- Is there any influence on socio economic status of parents on student’s academic performances?
- To what extent does parental occupation influence the academic performance of students?
- Is there any influence of parental, educational background on student’s academic performance?
Research Hypotheses
HO1: There is no significant relationship between parent socio economic status and students academic performance.
HO2: There is no significant relationship between parent occupational status and students academic performance.
HO3: There is no significant relationship between parent educational status and students academic performance.
Significant of the Study
The usefulness of this research work in the educational system can not be over emphases. The result of the study will provide an individual or group with the opportunity to be exposed to the relationship that exist between the student academic performance and his socio economic status hence the link can be reached.
The study will also enhance or provide the understanding of the individual why there are differences in academic performance of the individual in school particularly in the course social studies.
Likewise, it will serve as a means through which the parent will be aware, their vital role in academic performance of their children and how to limit the gap between academic performance of their children and the socio economic status of themselves.
The study will also provide the opportunity for school administration, teacher as well as individual parents to adequately planned and prepared on issues relating to the influence of home background on students academic progress in schools.
Finally, the findings of the research work will serve as useful tools for teachers and fellow researchers who wish to conduct similar or related research work.
Delimitation of the Study
The researcher confine the study to secondary schools in illori Local Government Area of Kwara state specifically designed for junior secondary schools students who are engaged in social studies.
This means that application of the research findings in generalization with in the geographical area of illori Local Government Area, Kwara state.
Operational Definition of Terms
Socio Economic Status:- This can be defined as the interactional level of the individual based on his ability to provide his material needs against the background of the meager available resources.
Academic performance:- In the context of this study it refers to the degree of exhibition or output in educational activities in the school which over the aspect of learning (cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains).
Performance:- One achievement, ability in a particular test.
Status:- This refers to the position of parents in the society or level of parent either socially, economically and educationally.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- Summary
In this write-up the researcher focusing on the influence of broken homes on the academic performance of students in secondary school have able to make some findings on the subjects of investigation. This was possible through the different views given by different people. Data were obtained through questionnaires and material got through data collection were put into tables and percentages of responses.
Through the available data finding, the writer was able to discover the following that broken homes have posed a lot of problems on the academic performance of secondary school student in Ilorin West Local Government Area of Kwara State and this goes round to all the total well being.
- Broken homes influence their physical development through retardation of growth as a result of malnutrition. This is so because the proper physical development of a child depends largely on the type of food he/she is adapted to right from his childhood. This is not applicable where the parents are apart and the children who are left with either the father or mother alone cannot prepared and cook or eat good quality food.
This may be due to lack of money or attention of home. These children who are all round taker care of by providing the type of properly and their physical development well.
- Broken home influence the morale of children. This is because the children from such homes lack proper upbringing from their parents who should have given them informal education that could have helped them to be morally well developed hence they have no respect for any constitution authority. This is also due to the fact that the children are left in the care of one of the parents either the father or the mother of none of the parents in some cases.
- Broken homes influence the social development of children, for example fighting is a way of life with them and as such they suffer emotional instability, lack social integration as people are scared of them. They cannot integrate themselves with their peers who were brought up in an atmosphere embodied with so many social goodness love understanding and tolerance.
- Broken home militate against teaching and learning processes of the children. Those children who come from broken homes lag behind academically. This is because they do not attend school regularly. When they attend they are never punctual. They do not pay attention in the class they sleep most the time, hence little or no attention is devoted to education. They do not obey instructions and authorities so, the are always out of class for punishment while lessons are on.
5.2 Conclusion
In conclusion, seeing the great negative of broken homes on the academic performance of students. it is therefore very necessary that individuals especially married couples realize that a broken home is a total menace to families, individuals and the society at large and that there will be a lot of economic set backs, they should then make a check on the making of a broken home. Since children depend on both parents for their first education (informal) and moral training it is therefore necessary that they are not denied it through broken homes.
In all, because the physical, moral and social upbringing have their influence on the performance of the student academically, it is therefore necessary that all hands should be put on deck to eradicate a broken home.
5.3 Recommendations
having identified from the foregoing conclusion the various problems passed by broken home’s on the teaching and learning process of student, it is appropriate at this point to recommend some solution that can help reduce the negative influence of broken homes in Ilorin West Local Government Area in Kwara State.
Recommendation as regards improvement are in-exhaustable but the writer considers the following very vital.
(1) The individualized teaching method should be adopted so as to cater for the interest of everybody in the classroom including children from home broken homes. That is, every teacher should be able to know, use and adopt a particular method of teaching in any subjects he/she is handling so that the students would be able to follow step by step procedures the teacher is using the effective and full understanding of the subject being taught. This will help them to follow up with what the teacher is teaching in the classroom and their full attention therefore drawn to the board.
(2) The teacher should visit the custodian of such children and discuss their problems with their wards so as to find a lasting solution to their problems. This is because with the teacher’s visit to the custodian of such children from broken homes, the custodians are made to be aware of the problems facing these children and what is required of the custodians and the teacher for the up liftment of the academic and general standard of the children concerned so as to became good citizens and useful to their societies.
(3) The government to cater for the secondary schools children should introduce free-health services. The government should provide this because it will help to take care of the children from broken homes who have nobody to take of them and even when they have the attention required may not be there for their survival hence with the provision of this free – health care services the children will be relieved from another aspect of their suffering which will contribute greatly to their proper all round development.
(4) As stipulated in the National Policy on Education, 1999 government should ensure that all secondary school are provided with a well equipped library to promote sound and effective teaching and learning and in particular the provision of suitable textbooks and libraries for the school with this great opportunity provided to them to upgrade their knowledge academically. Those books in which they could not lay their hands on would be made available to them for use with no financial involvement which would have hampered their academic progress.
(5) The social welfare division of the ministry of Education should organize seminars where parents should be talked to on the consequences of broken homes. If seminars are organized periodically, parents, guardians and custodians of those students from broken homes would be made to known what consequences are bound to face divorces. When they are able to know the real influence of broken homes on themselves, their children and their societies they would be forced to adopt a new method of approaching issues with particular reference to those family problems and then resolves their conflicts or misunderstanding through round table talks where suitable. Solutions are sought for peace and unity to reign supreme in the family.
(6) Counselling services should be intensified in secondary school so that adequate attention could be given to the children. Counselling services in the secondary schools and the public cannot be over-emphasized. This is because it will help to educate the parents on the type of training they should given to their children, and lay more emphasis on the dangerous influence of broken homes in the children in secondary schools and what future avails for them also, the children are counseled on the righ way of living despite their wrong parental decisions and there by they are made to adjust accordingly in order to fit into the society property. This can be done by government and non-governmental organizations.
(7) The government and schools should make provision for midday meals. This will go a long way to augment the short comings from homes. Observations have revealed that more than half of the children from broken homes do not get their three square meal per day hence most of the time, their afternoon meal is denied them. This will help to alleviate the sufferings of these children and as well uplift their academic performance because a hungry man is an angry man. When this is done it will bring the soul and body together for proper functioning.
(8) Some of the children from broken homes who are responsible and intelligent should be given scholarships to serve as incentives, to other children from broken homes.
(9) In order to avoid broken homes, parents should desist from interfering with the affairs of their married children. They should offer useful suggestions and give couples opportunity to live their lives. This is necessary because in some cases parents who interfere mostly in their children’s homes always find faults on one of the couple and they there by instigate any of the couple to always being critical, contentious and this may eventually lead to a broken home.
5.4 Implication for the Study
The implication of this study is that if the general matrimonial dispute and breakages in Ilorin West Local Government Area of Kwara State, the problem of marriage breakage is taken into consideration.
5.5 Suggestion for further Study
The research work should be carried out in both primary school level, senior secondary school and tertiary school in differences area for better improvement of the marriage in our society.
