Description
ABSTRACT
This work is on a smart rechargeable soldering iron. A smart rechargeable soldering iron is a self-regulating soldering iron that joins two metal work pieces by means of a third metal (solder) at a relatively low temperature, which is above the melting point of the solder but below the melting point of either of the materials being joined. This device composes of a battery and battery charger, automatic temperature controlling system, heating element, and a copper tip. Soldering iron tips are made of copper core plated with iron. The copper is used for heat transfer and the iron plating is used for durability. The main aim of a smart rechargeable soldering iron is to provide an instant backup during power failure or mains outage and to prevent the system from overheating.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
- METHODOLOGY
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- OVERVIEW OF SOLDERING
- HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE SOLDERING
- GENERAL APPLICATIONS OF SOLDERING
- REVIEW OF SOLDERS
- DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SOLDERING AND BRAZING
- REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF SOLDERING
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
- SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
- SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
- CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
- PARTS LIST
- RECHARGEABLE POWER SUPPLY
- DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR COMPONENTS USED
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 TEST AND RESULT ANALYSIS
- CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
- CASING AND PACKAGING
- ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
- TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Soldering is described as process in which two or more items (usually metal) are joined together by melting and putting a filler metal (solder) into the joint, the filler metal having a lower melting point than the adjoining metal. Soldering differs from welding in that soldering does not involve melting the work pieces. In brazing, the filler metal melts at a higher temperature, but the work piece metal does not melt. In the past, nearly all solders contained lead, but environmental and health concerns have increasingly dictated use of lead-free alloys for electronics and plumbing purposes. Soldering work is performed by soldering iron.
A soldering iron is a hand tool used in soldering. It supplies heat to melt solder so that it can flow into the joint between two work pieces.
A soldering iron is composed of a heated metal tip and an insulated handle. Heating is often achieved electrically, by passing an electric current (supplied through an electrical cord or battery cables) through a resistive heating element. Cordless irons can be heated by combustion of gas stored in a small tank, often using a catalytic heater rather than a flame. Simple irons less commonly used than in the past were simply a large copper bit on a handle, heated in a flame.
Soldering irons are most often used for installation, repairs, and limited production work in electronics assembly. High-volume production lines use other soldering methods.[1] Large irons may be used for soldering joints in sheet metal objects.
For electrical and electronics work, a low-power iron, a power rating between 15 and 35 watts, is used. Higher ratings are available, but in this work we are focusing on smart rechargeable electric soldering iron which is a rechargeable soldering iron that is temperature self-regulating.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Unsteady power supply is the one of the major problem of developing countries such as Nigeria and constant damage of soldering bits due to high temperature of the soldering iron. The main aim of building a smart rechargeable soldering iron is to provide an instant backup during power failure or mains outage and to provide a self-temperature regulating soldering iron.. But due to the above mentioned problems, a modern day rechargeable soldering iron can not only provide uninterrupted power supply but also protects soldering iron from the above mentioned problems.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
Soldering makes quick and neat connections to electronic equipment, plumbing and jewelry. Heating the metals with a soldering iron melts the solder onto the joint, forming the bond as the solder cools. The aim of this work is to build a smart rechargeable soldering iron.
The objectives of the study are:
- To build the system prototype
- To provide the soldering iron with constant power supply
- To prolong the lifespan of the soldering bit.
1.4 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
The purpose of this work is build a smart rechargeable tool used in soldering, that supplies heat to melt solder so that it can flow into the joint between two work-pieces, which composed of a heated metal tip and an insulated handle.
1.5 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
smart rechargeable soldering iron is lightweight, compact, and portable. Soldering irons supply heat to melt solder. This provides an electrically conductive connection.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
Rechargeable Soldering irons are most often used for installation, repairs, and limited production work in electronics assembly. High-volume production lines use other soldering methods. Large irons may be used for soldering joints in sheet metal objects.
1.6 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
Rechargeable Soldering iron is used in plumbing, electronics, and metalwork from flashing to jewelry.
Rechargeable Soldering iron provides reasonably permanent but reversible connections between copper pipes in plumbing systems as well as joints in sheet metal objects such as food cans, roof flashing, rain gutters and automobile radiators.
Jewelry components, machine tools and some refrigeration and plumbing components are often assembled and repaired by the higher temperature silver soldering process. Small mechanical parts are often soldered or brazed as well. Soldering is also used to join lead came and copper foil in stained glass work.
Electronic soldering iron connects electrical wiring and electronic components to printed circuit boards (PCBs)
1.7 PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
Below are the problems of the work:
- When using this device, Careful removal of the flux residuals is required in order to prevent corrosion;
- Large sections cannot be joined;
- Fluxes may contain toxic components;
- Soldering joints cannot be used in high temperature applications;
- This device has a Low strength of joints.
1.8 PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION
The project report has been organized into five chapters for orderliness and easy understanding of the information on the report design.
Chapter one contains introduction design objectives, purpose, application, advantages, limitation, significance of the report and report organization
Chapter two dealt on system component analysis literature review and theories/modules of design.
Chapter three contains the system design description of the system building blocks system specification block diagram and the description of the overall operation of the system.
Chapter four describes the implementation testing and results of the project.
Chapter five finally dealt on the cost analysis calculation and recommendation for further improvement and ended with a page for references.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
At the end of this work, a dc soldering iron was design which was the objective of this work. This device is Simple and inexpensive small soldering iron (25W, 35W, etc) that is used In the absence of mains supply. It uses eight transistors and a few resistors and capacitors. Transistors Q1 and Q2 (each BC547) form an astable multi vibrator that produces 50Hz signal.
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
This project is designed to be used in electrical engineering lab, mostly by electrical technician or electrical hobbyist for their soldering whenever there is power failure. However, if fails it should be used and maintain by a qualified personnel.
