Description
ABSTRACT
The work is on design and construction of an automatic ac fan regulator. The device is useful for conference halls, auditoriums, cinema halls, and other commercial organizations where many people gathered together and lot of fans are required at these places. Depending up on the weather condition, organizers of the above places are supposed to be control each and every fan, otherwise lot of energy will be wasted. Controlling each and every fan manually is highly impossible; there by this project work is taken up, which controls the fan automatically depending upon the temperature. Here for the demonstration purpose single fan is considered, but in practical all the fans can be connected to this single instrument, so that all the fans rotates equally.
The basic concept of this project work is, depending upon the room temperature to control the fan speed automatically. Since our weather conditions are widely varied, temperature up and downs are common in our country. When the temperature is less than 20 0C fan is not required, there by a facility is provided in the system that the fan will be switched off automatically at less than 20 0C. The system is programmed to run the fan at its maximum speed at 40 0C. Therefore the fan speed varies linearly between 20 0C to 40 0C.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
This device facilitates the operation of fan regulators around the home or office automatically. It provides a system that is simple to understand and also to operate, a system that would be cheap and affordable, a reliable and easy to maintain system and durable system irrespective of usage. It adds more comfort to everyday living by removing the inconvenience of having to move around to operate a fan regulator reducing or increasing it. The system seeks to develop a system that is cost effective while not under mining the need for efficiency.
1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
Nowadays, an ac fan is widely used especially in warm countries including Malaysia. Usually the conventional ac fan is always cooling the room depending on the fixed temperature setting and is not automatically adjusted for the comfort of the users. In the ac fan control field, excellent real-time, high reliability, and good intelligence are proposed by many researchers. The traditional PID algorithm is, in fact, still playing a main role in the control process. The ac fan system has becoming a field to be researched to improve the user convenience by applying intelligent system such as THERMOCOUPLE.
While the enhanced automatic temperature control of an ac fan regulator is being designed, the consideration of the type of control system must be included in a modeling design. In particular the controller must be able to avoid the inefficiency of having the ac fan operate all the time. Several control options were considered at presence sensing circuit, which would turn the ac fan off when people are not in the room with the air conditioning and a temperature sensor input, which would change the air conditioning operation depending on room temperature [1]. Based on the observation of the using the present conventional fan application, it always working all the time without a systematic control. Therefore, the control of the fan is adjusted through a feedback control system to monitor and maintain a constant temperature based on the data input from the sensor.
1.2 AIM OF THE PROJECT
The main aim of the project is to design a regulator circuit will automatically control the speed of your fan according to the temperature
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The objectives of this project are:
- To control the speed of an ac fan regulator.
- To design a controller using temperature sensor.
- To analyses the performance of the controller.
1.4 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The problem happens when the ac fan is still functioning although in the event of cold weather. The function is uncontrolled and must be manually turned on and off or reduced the speed of the fan. Sometimes it can lead to high usage of electricity which in turn raises the electricity bill when the user forgot to switch it off. The system also does not have the capacity to adjust the room temperature regardless of the ambient temperature. To address the problem, the automatic temperature control ac fan that can control the temperature automatically is proposed. The advantages of such a system are less energy usage, and provides more convenient to the consumers.
1.5 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
The main purpose of this device is to control the temperature of an ac fan regulator or any other electrical devices.
Below are the scopes of the project:
- In this work, used a K-type thermocouple for direct measurements of up to 1000ºC temperature. In K-type thermocouple, the two materials used to form the junction are Chromel (Ni-Cr) and Alumel (Ni-Al). K-type is a low-cost and one of the most popular general-purpose thermocouples
- Inside and outside room temperature are used in the controller design.
- The analysis controller performance in terms of automatic temperature control based on the speed of the ac fan.
- temperature controlled ac fan regulator include a diac, triac,220 power supply and a sensor for sensing the temperature of the environment or device, and a control unit being configured to collect data during the operation of the circuits. The control unit is also configured to execute a predetermined program and calculate a cut-off temperature based on the data and a predetermined target temperature. The control unit is further configured to control the speed of the fan provided to the controlled appliances through a relay, when the temperature of the sensor is equal to or greater than the calculated cut-off temperature.
1.7 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
Apart from using this device in ac fan regulator, this device can also be used in temperature controlling of electrical appliances such as:
- Air conditioner
- Refrigerator
- Fan,
- furnace etc.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
Though temperature controlled ac fan regulator is designed to controlled 220vac fan, but when the sensor is directly exposed to liquid (water) can damaged the sensor thereby causing the sensor to malfunctioning.
The circuit don’t offer isolation from the HV line and present more of a safety issue.
1.9 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, significance, aim, purpose, objective limitation and problem of this work was discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of the study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
The course of undergoing this project has disclosed numerous important things about a temperature control automatic AC fan regulator. Ranging from its economic importance and recommendation based on the use of this temperature control automatic AC fan regulator. Hence with the successful design and construction of this project, a more efficient way of ensuring continuous availability of temperature record is provided even in the absence of the operator. This provides the possibility that is can still put on his/her appliance in the absence of the user.
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
This project is designed to be used in our homes and industries where the need for accurate temperature and safety is needed. And should be used and maintain by a qualified personnel.
