Description
ABSTRACT
Constructionofbuildings requires sand asanimportantingredientSandis usedatdifferentstagesinconstruction right from the foundationto the finishing work i.e. plaster. This sand is needs to be screenedproperly forvarious stages in construction, i.e. size of sand for construction work is slightly coarse whereas that used for plaster work isfine. Conventionally screening is normally done manually using fixed screens or machines. This manual process timeconsuming and laborious takes a lot of time and cost. It is also observed that the conventional machine prove of no or littlehelpasthesandneedstobemanuallytransportedandmaterialhandlingtakesplace twicetogetdifferentsizesofsand.
These processes are carried out manually. Sieving of sand is carried out using rectangular mesh which is inclined atcertain angle. This causes a relative motion between the particles and the sieve. Depending on their size the individualparticles either pass through the sieve mesh or retained on the sieve surface. There are different machines that are being usedfor sand sieving processes. In our project the process will takes place automatically. Thus the time consumed during thewholeprocessofpreparingtheconcreteisreduced.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUNDOF THE PROJECT
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
1.5 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
1.6 APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT
1.7 BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF THE STUDY
2.2 REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
2.3 REVIEW OF SIEVE ANALYSIS
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 DESIGN FLOWCHART
3.2 MATERIAL SELECTION
3.3 CONSTRUCTION FOR THE CHOICE OF MATERIALS CAST
3.4 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
3.5 WORKING PRINCIPLE
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 TOOLS AND INSTRUMENTS
4.2 COMPONENT
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 SCOPE FOR FUTUREWORK
5.1 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Generally while preparing the concrete for construction purpose, the process of sieving are carried out manually. Sievingof sand is carried out using rectangular mesh which is inclined at certain angle. In the present sand sieving method, thesample is subjected to horizontal movement in accordance with the chosen method. This causes a relative motionbetweenthe particles and the sieve. Depending on their size the individual particles either pass through the sieve mesh or retained onthe sieve surface. There are different machines that are being used for sand Sieving, but we demonstrate the design &fabricationofautomaticallydrivensandsievingmachinewhichhavelowcostandsimpleinoperation.
This project focuses in design, fabrication of the mechanical part of machine and the system of the sieve machine. Toachieve this project objective, this sieve machine body structure and mechanical system needs to concern some other criteriasuch as strength, safety and ergonomic design.This project flow must start from design, analysis, and lastly fabricationprocess. Before develop the sieve machine, it must compare with other product in market. It is because to study the customerneedandtocreateanewdesignwithnewfeature
1.2 PROBLEMSTATEMENT
The problem of size of sand in the market available need to spend more money if we want the sand in specific size orcategoryitwillincreasethebudgetandtimetowaitthesupplierpreparingthegoods. Now days people always prefer the most suitable way to cut their cost and time. Example is in a construction where theyhave to finish the work before the due date and this might be problems. However, sometime in big company there are high tech machine that can do this work sieving any sub stand or mixture.Butsometimeinconstructionrequiredaspecialsievemachinethatarecomfortableandeasyouse.
Traditional method give low efficiency as it is operated manually but the automated sand sieving machine has higherefficiency. Traditionalmethodrequiresmorelabour. Traditionalmethodismoretimeconsumedduringtheprocess ofpreparingtheconcrete. The cost of highly sophisticated machine is very high which is not affordable for small scale foundries and low levelcontractors. Modernmachineriesrequirehighskilltooperate.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main aim of this study is to fabricate a fully automated sand filtering and separator systemthatautomaticallyfilterssandpouredonit. The objectives of the study are:
- To fabricate the machine at low cost
- To reduce human labour
- To increase productivity
- To make sieving of particles easy
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The scope of this work covers the building of the machine which uses electric motor and shaft. Theshaftisconnectedtoafilterframewithmeshbelowandenclosingframe on the sides. We now have a rod connected from the shaftto the filter frame in a way such as to achieve the best horizontalmotion. Also we have a frame to hold the filter frame in placewhile ensuring proper horizontal motion at the same time. Onswitching on the motor using our motor controller circuit, thesystem allows to operate the motor. This allows us to operate thesandfiltermotionforappropriatesandfilteringneeds.
1.5 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
- Automatic Filtering
- Fast Filtering
- Easy To Dispose off Unneeded Objects
1.5 APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT
- It can be utilized for separation of mass produceddifferenttypesofnutsinasingleturnandalsoothersolidmixtureswithdifferentsizesofmeshinvolvement.
- Different typesof nuts can be separated which depends on mesh sizeused.
- Itcanbeusedforpaddyseparationwiththeinvolvementoffan atthe baseoftable.
- Nowdays,separationofdifferentsizesofsolidmaterial is need of hours, this project can be used forseparation of different sizes of solid only by changingmeshofrequiredsize.
- Substanceindustry:resin,pigment,industrialmedicine,cosmetic,coatings.
- Foodstuff industry: sugar powder, starch, salt, ricenoodles, milk powder, soybean milk, egg powder, sauce,syrup.
1.6 BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT
Determining the particle-size distribution of a soil helps the engineer, geologist, or an agriculturist to understand many soil properties such as how much water, heat, and nutrients the soil could hold, how fast water and heat will move through the soil, and what kind of structure, bulk density and consistence the soil will have. Particle size distribution of soils affects soil credibility and soil compaction since soils with uneven particle size distribution are expected to pack more closely than those with uniform distribution. Particle size distribution of soils is normally determined by wet sieving or dry sieving. While wet sieving is used to determine the proportion of stable aggregates resistant to water disruption during rainfall, dry sieving is utilized mainly to relate particle sizes to soil erosion by wind.
Determining particle size distribution of a soil by hand is a very tedious process, hence, theuse of mechanical shakers which makes the process a much simpler one.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORK
The project can be made for higher capacities byincreasing the dimension and improving the design aspects. Based onthe required sand particle size, the mesh canbe changed. The machine can be operated using solar energy also which iseconomicallyuseful
5.2 CONCLUSION
In this research study, the mild steel failure problems encountered by loads were successfully. Thus a low cost and simpledesign motor operated sand filter machine is fabricated. This machine reduces the human effort and hence we don’t need multiplepersonstofilterthesand.
