Description
ABSTRACT
The main aim of this project is to fabricate a semi-automated Can Crusher machine to reduce the scrapvolumeandusetheCanssothatcarryingthemtotherecyclesitebecomeseasy.Now-a-days, a large number of cans are used in hotels, canteens etc. and a large volume of space is required for storing or dumping the used Cans. This project includes fabrication of a Can Crusher using single slider crank mechanism which will reduce the volume of cans at least70%. This report demonstrates the necessary modification, calculation, assembling and fabrication of the machine.
LIST OF SYMBOLS
| SYMBOL | DESCRIPTION | UNITS |
| F | Force | N |
| N1 | Speedofthe drivingsprocket | rpm |
| N2 | Speedofthedrivensprocket | rpm |
| T1 | Teethofthedrivingsprocket | |
| T2 | Teethofthe driversprocket | |
| T | Toque | Nm |
| P | Power | W |
| R | CrankRadius | m |
| M | Mass | kg |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- LIMITATION/PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
- ADVANTAGES OF THE STUDY
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF RELATED WORKS
2.2 TYPESOFCANCRUSHER
2.3 DESIGNCONCEPT
2.4 PRESENTWORK
2.5 SLIDERCRANKMECHANISM
2.7 CONSTRUCTION&PRINCIPLEOFSINGLESLIDERCRANKMECHANISMPRINCIPLE
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION
3.1 WORKINGPRINCIPLE
3.2 SELECTIONOFMATERIALSFORDIFFERENTCOMPONENTS
3.3 FABRICATIONPROCESS
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULT ANALYSIS
4.1 ASSEMBLYOFMANUALCANCRUSHER
4.2 CALCULATIONS
4.3 ADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSIONS
- FUTURE SCOPE
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Aluminium doesn’t occur naturally in the earth’scrust, it has to be extracted from its ore-bauxite which ismined and then smelted in a very energy-intensive process.Although great care is taken to rebuild the land after mining,changes do occur as a resultof mining that are detrimentalto the surrounding environment. It takes 80-100 years foraluminiumcantodecompose.Comparedtominingandsmelting, recycling aluminium drink cans is far less energyintensive.Recyclingaluminiumrequiresonly5%oftheenergyandproducesonly5%oftheCO2emissionsascompared with primary production. Aluminium cans are one of the easiest materialsto recycle. New drinks cans appear on theshelf just sixweeks after recycling. A single aluminium can is said to,when recycled,saves aboutasmuch as oil aswouldbepoured intoittofillup.
Can Crushers are used in mechanical and allied industries which crush cans made ofdifferentmaterials. The Can Crusher machine is widely used in beverage industries or inscrap dealers’ shop to reduce the volume of the cans. Consequently,itleads to the reductionof the transportation cost. This machine is primarily used to save space and for recycling. Itcan be placed anywhere. In today’s life most of the food items are packed in cans like coldand warm drinks and other beverages. Commercial establishments like cafeteria and bars, haveto deal with leftover cans. Storage of these cans is often a problem and these increases totalvolumeofthe trash.Therefore,using cancrusherinsuchplacesprovestobeadvantageous.
Inthisproject,wehavedevelopedasemi-automated Can Crusher thatcan crushthetinasflatandassymmetricallyaspossiblebeforelanding into the bin. The design is environment friendly andusessimplemechanism.[6]
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Ithasbeenobservedthattincansconstitutesignificantpartofgarbageatpublicplaces.Inordertorecycleandprocessthesecanstheir collection and transportation is necessary. This work is on fabrication of a modified tin can crusher. Tin can crusher helps to achievevolume reduction and reduces transportation costs. It will help to keep earthneatandcleanas themodel eco-friendly
Themainaimofacancrusheristosmashanemptyaluminium can into the smallest unit possible. Themainobjectivesoftheprojectare-
- To fabricate a simple and easy to use semi-automated Can Crusher machine involving low costofconstructionandeasilymovablefromoneplace toanother.
- Toreducethevolumeofthecansatleast70%.
iii. To modified a single slider crank aluminium can crusher.
1.4 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
This machine can be very helpful in places such as:
- Canteens,
- restaurants,
- bars,
- catering halls,
- cinema halls and
- Recycling plants are placeswhere a can crusher is pretty much a must.
1.5 LIMITATION/PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
The semi-automated Can Crusher models of the researchpapers the crushed cans need to be removed manually and also new cans need to be placedevery time.
Can crusher arethe most efficient, convenient, space saving and easy way toreduceyouraluminiumwastewhilefulfillingrecyclingduty.Theyareconvenient,easytouseandenvironmental friendly.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCEOFTHESTUDY
Constructionofindustrialsawcompartmenthasplayedasignificanceroletomankindandindustries.Theconstruction of this work helps to carry outeffectiveseparationwithoutmanyproblems.It reduces the physical effortrequiredbyoperators;freehimfromtediously repeatedwork.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE WORK
It was observed that there is a need for the aluminium can crusher to be lighter in weight, safe, efficientand stable. Apart from providing stability, the crusher was required to be transported from place to place. Also,easyhandlingwasanother importantcriteriaobserved.Thereforethefollowingweretheobjectivesofthiswork:
- Itshouldbenon-hazardoustouse.
It should be compact and should not make use of any complex mechanisms
1.8 METHOD OF RESEARCH
The research was done by sourcinginformationfromthelibrary,internettextbooksandfrompreviousorrelatedsubject’s projects. Empirical research wasalso conducted by performing a standardconstruction of a saw compartment in theworkshop.Theapparatusfortheconstructionwassetupandcarriedoutwithall theprecautions strictlyadheredto.
5.1 CONCLUSION
In this project we carried out the study on the modification of cancrushers and thevarious mechanisms employed. Some ofthetechnologicalaspectslikerobustdesign,volumereductionweresuccessfullyimplemented.Overall,theproject was very enriching in terms of technical fabricationanddesignprocess.Thecurrentprototypereducesthevolume of cans by 65 %. Auto feed mechanism have troubleduetospeedwhichneedssomeimprovement innear future.
As per the above process of talking it inorder to reach a decision, we come to anend that to overcome problems in typicalcancrushers,duetohighefficiency,easyto control the functioning and affordablepricetheputforwardforconsiderationmodel of manual can crusher is ready togivehelpandcompletesalltheexpectations necessitate in the disposal ofcans.Futurescopeofproposedfactfoundedworktodecreasethepollutionrate, crush the cans without difficulty. Itcanwithstandthevibrations,nohazardsfromjerk,nospecialtypeof instructionrequiredtooperateit.Inthetimefollowing studying this report we will beaware of through observation that, how themanualcancrusherwillwork,andknowingtheconstructionandhowasystem of parts working together work inthemachine.Wegainanunderstandinghowtheareaofstudyratherthanitspractical design is possible in experiment.Other can crushercan only crush onecanatonetime,butthiscrushercrusheswithout interruption by automatic feedingof cans from the tray. The cost of machineis less and easy to operate so it affordableforall industry.
5.2 FUTURE SCOPE:
The number of piston cylinders canbeincreasedbyintroducingamotortogive the power to the shaft. Self regulatingfeeding mechanismfor canscan be bringin to usebyusingsensors
The currently developed can crusher machine can crush only low strength cans madeof aluminum. The machine can be modified to crush cans which are made of mediumstrengthmaterials.
Withautomation, thesystemcanbecomemorerobust.
